The baseball season is almost upon us, and I’m looking forward to the cry of “Playball” from the umpires. I also want to see Daisuke Matsuzaka, who joined the Red Sox this year, and his mythical gyroball. I’m also rooting for Josh Hamilton to turn his life around with the Cincinnati Reds.
A little over a year ago, Matt Cutts used a baseball example to talk about how search engines might handle something known as a 302 redirect.
When someone types in http://www.sfgiants.com into their browser address bar, they are taken to that page, and then redirected to another page with a much uglier address: http://sanfrancisco.giants.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=sf
That happens because the server that you visit, when you type in the sfgiants.com page, has an instruction in it to redirect visitors to the different address. There are a couple of different kinds of redirects – a temporary one, and a permanent one. The temporary one, which uses a server code of 302, is supposed to be an indication that the new address is only temporary. The permanent one uses a server code of 301.
When Google or Yahoo indexes a page and finds a redirect, they know that the address of the page has changed to a new address. The difficulty they then face is deciding whether to show the old address in their search results or the new address to where the page is being redirected.
With a temporary (302) redirect, it might be a good idea for them to keep the old address because the new one might go away. With a permanent redirect (301), they might decide to show the new address. Matt followed up his post on redirects, with another that detailed more fully what happens when there is a 302 redirect in place, and Google is indexing a page.
Ideally, if you use a redirect to another page, it’s not a bad idea to use a permanent (301) redirect, especially if people have linked to the old address. In most cases, its recommended and can help the new address be recognized as the permanent address for the page, and can result in passing along link popularity or PageRank scores to the new address.
Matt’s example from the official Major League Baseball (MLB) page for the San Francisco Giants left me curious as to what would show up at number one, in searches for major league baseball teams at Google and Yahoo, so I took a look. I decided to just use the American League teams.
The MLB pages showed up number one for all of the following team searches in Google and Yahoo. But the URLs that each search engine displayed were different. The pages that you end up upon when you click upon those links were also (mostly) different – the shorter MLB addresses are still using 302 redirects, instead of 301 redirects.
Baltimore Orioles
orioles.mlb.com/
Boston Red Sox
redsox.mlb.com/
Chicago White Sox
whitesox.mlb.com/
Cleveland Indians
indians.mlb.com/
Detroit Tigers
tigers.mlb.com/
Kansas City Royals
royals.mlb.com/
Los Angeles Angels
angels.mlb.com/
Minnesota Twins
twins.mlb.com/
New York Yankees
yankees.mlb.com/
Oakland Athletics
athletics.mlb.com/
Seattle Mariners
mariners.mlb.com/
Tampa Bay Devil Rays
devilrays.mlb.com/
Texas Rangers
rangers.mlb.com/
Toronto Blue Jays
bluejays.mlb.com/
Yahoo
Baltimore Orioles
baltimore.orioles.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=bal
Boston Red Sox
www.redsox.com
Chicago White Sox
chicago.whitesox.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=cws
Cleveland Indians
www.indians.com
Detroit Tigers
detroit.tigers.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=det
Kansas City Royals
www.kcroyals.com
Los Angeles Angels
www.angelsbaseball.com
Minnesota Twins
www.minnesotatwins.com
New York Yankees
www.yankees.com
Oakland Athletics
www.oaklandathletics.com
Seattle Mariners
www.seattlemariners.com
Tampa Bay Devil Rays
www.devilrays.com
Texas Rangers
www.texasrangers.com
Toronto Blue Jays
www.bluejays.com
I was a little surprised that the MLB pages all ended up at number one in the results for both Google and Yahoo. I don’t know why Yahoo decided not to show the shorter URLs for Baltimore, Chicago, and Detroit – the shorter addresses do exist. I also thought that it was interesting the Google chose one version of a shorter URL, and Yahoo chose another.
When you search for [Boston Red Sox], Google shows redsox.mlb.com/ as the MLB address, and Yahoo shows the www.redsox.com address. If you click upon either link to the page, you end up at this address: http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=bos through the use of a 302 redirect.
If MLB were to switch to a permanent redirect (301) to send visitors to these shorter addresses to the official URL, would we not see the shorter URLs in Google and Yahoo? I don’t know. Is the use of the temporary redirect hurting their rankings? Maybe, though it’s hard to get higher than number one in results.
People are linking to these shorter URLs. Yahoo Site Explorer shows 72,310 inbound links to www.redsox.com. MLB may be losing the benefit of link popularity or PageRank because of their use of the temporary redirect. While that doesn’t appear to be hurting them when it comes to ranking for the names of the teams, might it hurt them for other related searches?
I decided to investigate further.
Every team has an Allstar representative player each year, either elected or appointed. I decided to take a look to see if the top-ranking page for one Allstar from each of the American League teams was a major league baseball page or some other page.
After each team and Allstar below, I list the source of the top-ranked page. MLB didn’t fare so well:
Baltimore Orioles
Miguel Tejada
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Boston Red Sox
David Ortiz
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Chicago White Sox
Paul Konerko
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Cleveland Indians
Grady Sizemore
Google MLB
Yahoo Yahoo
Detroit Tigers
Ivan Rodriguez
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Kansas City Royals
Mark Redman
Google Baseball-reference.com
Yahoo ESPN
Los Angeles Angels
Vladimir Guerrero
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Minnesota Twins
Joe Mauer
Google ESPN
Yahoo Yahoo
New York Yankees
Derek Jeter
Google Wikipedia
Yahoo MLB
Oakland Athletics
Barry Zito
Google ESPN
Yahoo Wikipedia
Seattle Mariners
Ichiro Suzuki
Google ESPN
Yahoo MLB
Tampa Bay Devil Rays
Scott Kazmir
Google ESPN
Yahoo ESPN
Texas Rangers
Michael Young
Google Michael-young.com (nonbaseball)
Yahoo ESPN
Toronto Blue Jays
Vernon Wells
Google baseball-reference.com
Yahoo ESPN
There are only three MLB number one results in there, and the Ichiro page at the top of the Yahoo results no longer exists. Sadly, it uses a 302 redirect to point to a “not found” (404) page, so it may remain in those results for a while until Yahoo figures out that the page is gone. That’s another potential problem with using 302 redirects like that.
Might the team pages that mention their Allstars have the potential to rank number one in a search for the Allstars names? Maybe. Since the 302 redirects don’t pass along PageRank or link popularity, the pages might not seem as important as they could be by the search engines. Then again, the pages may not also be seen as the most relevant pages in a search for the Allstars names.
But using a permanent redirect (301) might make a difference in rankings for the Allstars names. It might also mean losing the prettier URLs in Google and Yahoo.
Which would you choose?
Hi Sante,
Thanks. That’s a great point. I’ve seen more than a couple of people make that suggestion, and it’s something to think about. I’ve had success with pointing permanent redirects at pages when making a change, but I think that it doesn’t hurt to have some new incoming links to the new address, and changes to links that were pointing at the old pages.
Adam Lasnik of Google discussed the use of 301 redirects in a Google Groups discussion at the beginning of February, in the context of a “sandbox” effect, and recommended the use of permanent (301) redirects.
It’s a good topic, and worth exploring some more. For the shorter baseball URLs, they’ve been using temporary redirects for over a year now.
Hi Bill,
generally speaking, when you are forced to migrate content from an old web site to a new one I’d tend to use a 302 initially and then a permanent 301.
The reasoning behind that is what you might want to call the “time to ranking” or sandbox effect that may (or may not) apply to your web site.
With an initial 302 you point the engines over to the new pages that are invisible, and start your work on migrating links over to the new site.
There have been cases where people have put in place 301s right from the start and got lost in the quicksands of Big G.
Great Blog I enjoy reading it very much 🙂
Cheers,
Sante
I suspected that you might stop by, Steven. Good to see you. Basball is almost here, and I saw my first ad on TV earlier today for opening day.
I think the really bad strategy here are the long URLs that are being redirected to.
Ideally, MLB should stop using those longer and ugly URLs, and switch to the teamname.mlb.com format (or even a “www.mlb.com/teamname” format). They could take the existing long URLs and use a URL rewrite to show the shorter versions. Then they could use a 301 redirect on those longer URLs to point to the shorter versions, for links from outside of their sites. This way, they have a short name that people might stand a chance of remembering in the future.
With the other short versions, such as “www.yankees.com,” it may be easy to type in, but when you start creating domain names like “www.angelsbaseball.com” you’ve lost any type-in value, and it becomes easier to remember the angels.mlb.com address anyway.
Bill you probably knew I’d show up with the mention of baseball. Less than one week to go before the season gets started and I’m looking forward to some of the things you are.
I doesn’t surprise me that MLB is using 302s instead of 301s. MLB hasn’t always done things that make the most sense and something tells me that seo isn’t exactly something on their radar. Should they switch? I’d think they should and that they would see improved ranking for the all star players. My guess is they see marketing in terms of traditional offline marketing and are slow to adapt to search engine marketing.
Great point Sante. I’ve seen the advice to use 302s temporarily when moving to a new domain for the very reason you mentioned. I’ve yet to try it myself, but as I’m planning on moving to a new domain in the near future it’s something I should look into more.
Domain names can be a pain. As a Reds fan, I’m fortunate that there are some very good blogs and an excellent forum for the team, and I don’t go to the MLB site all that much.
Some folks seem surprised that there are a high rate of navigational searches in the search engines to find sites, without having to remember their URLs. But, if I want to go to the mlb page for the reds, it’s a matter of typing four letters in the Google toolbar r-e-d-s, and clicking on the top result to get there. Much easier that typing out http://cincinnati.reds.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=cin
The urls got a lot better in the last couple years. I remember when mlb.com was owned by a manufacturing company somewhere and to visit the official baseball site I had to go to “www.majorleaguebaseball.com.”
That was frustrating
That’s a very interesting observation, and I had no idea that Google and Yahoo saw 301 redirects and 302 redirects as two different things. I always just assumed a redirect page was a redirect page, and I think a lot of people out there do the same. I really do wonder how this is affecting search page results now. And as for you questions (which would you choose – better rankings or the prettier URLs), I think I’d take the better rankings myself. It’s more important to me (and my clients) that their web pages end up ranked higher on Google and Yahoo than for their URLs to look all pretty when displayed on the search site. Sure, it might make it harder for a person to remember how to get to my page, but if they’re on my site already, chances are they’re going to bookmark it instead of trying to remember the URL, and that’s all that matters.
Hey there
Did you made your choice between a 301 and a 302 redirect, because i am doing the research right now and i was wondering (because this is kind of a old post) if you figured it out?
Hi,
There are extremely limited circumstances where I would recommend that people use a 302 redirect, and I think that major league baseball is making a mistake using them at all.
Hey William
Thank you very much, you have been a great help in making my choice.
Greets
You’re welcome.
I hope that everything turns out the way that you want it to.