Back in September of 2009, I wrote a blog post that I titled Google’s 10 Oddest Patents. The first of those that I included in that list was one named Instrument for medical purposes, I included it mostly because Google was a search company, and it felt odd that Google would have a patent on a medical process. That one used “ultrasonic sound to investigate the structural makeup of biological tissue in organs and vessels.”
Times have changed, and since that time, Google has restructured and put itself under a holding company structure with the name Alphabet running all elements of the company. A branch of the Company had evolved that was being referred to as “Google Life Sciences,” and it changed names recently as well, to Verily Life Sciences.
What role and what kind of impact might these new subsidiary have? I was wondering if Google would make changes to the patent assignments it had made along with the name changes, and I was surprised to see them do so, where they assigned 148 patents to Verily Life Sciences on two different days. It’s an interesting list, and I’ve provided it here. They may technically have ownership under other patents as well, but this list points to a number that could become products that the company offers to the public, after any government approval that they may need to pursue.
This recent story highlights the kind of approval that medical devices need to acquire before they are used for medical purposes: Google offshoot Verily reveals connectivity device to aggregate medical data.
Verily may become involved in medical studies, like this one described to be between Vanderbilt and Verily: Vanderbilt, Google’s Verily to Launch Precision Medicine Initiative Cohort.
This article provides some possible valuations as to what kinds of money are potentially available to companies providing healthcare products and benefits to people: How Alphabet Is Eyeing The Lucrative Healthcare Industry With Verily.
This article presents healthcare as a potentially very lucrative field for Google to be entering: New Miniature Continuous Glucose Monitoring Devices from DexCom and Verily (Google Life Sciences) Promise to Make Glucose Monitoring Wearable and Affordable.
This follow-up to that story shows that plans are being made to release products over the next few years: Google’s Verily, Dexcom aims to launch mini glucose monitor in 2018, with next-gen by 2021.
I’ve written about one of these patents in the past, in the post Google Files Patent For Wearable Nanotechnology Anti-Cancer Technology, and that patent is included in the assignment, as is a patent for a Star Trek-like Needle free blood draw device that was published this past December.
I decided to publish links to these patent filings, and information about the dates they were filed, and when they were either published (for the pending patent applications) or granted (for the many that have been granted so far). There are many contact lens focused patents in the group, but other ones that have different purposes as well. If any stand out to you as interesting in some way, please share it with us, and let us know why.
There seem to be many opportunities available to Google to pursue, and I’m excited that so many options are open to them. I also like that now that I’m seeing patents that describe medical devices coming from Google, that enough has changed that I no longer think of them as “odd,” but am instead excited to see how those may be used. These are exciting times, and it appears that Google is off to a good start addressing medical problems.
Contact Lenses
Inventors: Brian Otis, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Jul 10, 2014
Granted Aug 5, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems and methods for facilitating iris-scanning contact lenses and/or biometric identification employing iris scanning contact lenses are provided. In one implementation, the contact lens can include: a transparent substrate formed to cover at least a portion of an iris of an eye; and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more light sensors disposed on or within the transparent substrate and that detects light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; readout circuitry, operably coupled to the one or more light sensors, that outputs information indicative of the light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; and a power component that supplies power to the readout circuitry. In various implementations, the contact lens can be employed in systems and/or methods associated with authentication and identification.
Contact Lenses With Hybrid Power Sources
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Jul 26, 2012
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems and methods of contact lenses with power sources are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens can include a substrate; and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate; circuitry disposed on at least a portion of the substrate; one or more photovoltaic cells disposed on at least a portion of the substrate; and a hybrid power component that supplies at least one of two or more different types of power to the circuitry, wherein at least one of the two or more different types of power is radio frequency/inductive power. In various aspects, other types of power can be solar and/or microelectromechanical system power. Additionally, in various aspects, photovoltaic cells can be arrayed in different configurations and/or over a significant portion of a viewing surface of the contact lens. In some aspects, the photovoltaic cells can be transparent.
Contact Lens Employing Optical Signals for Power and/or Communication
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Jul 26, 2012
Granted Oct 13, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lens sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least a portion of the body of the contact lens; an optical communication device disposed on or within the substrate; and a photodetector disposed on or within the substrate, wherein the photodetector harvests light emitted from a device and generates power from the harvested light. In some aspects, an apparatus comprises a tag having a circuit including an optical communication device; and a photodetector that harvests light received and generates power from the harvested light. The tag can be disposed on or within a contact lens in various aspects.
Actuatable Contact Lenses
Inventors: Harvey Ho
Filed Aug 2, 2012
Granted Dec 30, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods for facilitating actuatable contact lenses are provided. In one aspect, the contact lens can include: a substrate comprised of a material that is actuatable to at least one of change a base curvature from a first curvature to a second curvature or change a thickness from a first thickness to a second thickness; and a control component, operably coupled to the material, that outputs actuation information to cause the material to actuate and at least one of change the base curvature of the material or change the thickness of the material. The contact lens can be actuated based on a condition associated with an environment surrounding the contact lens, a sensed prescription for an eye over which the contact lens is placed, or based on a focal point of the eye. The material can include piezoelectric film, a shape memory alloy, hydrogel and/or silicone elastomer.
Contact Lenses Having Two-Electrode Electrochemical Sensors
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Aug 6, 2012
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses with two-electrode electrochemical sensors are provided. In some aspects, the contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens; and a circuit disposed on or within the substrate, and including a two-electrode electrochemical sensor. The two-electrode electrochemical sensor can include a working electrode; and a combination reference-counter electrode. The electrochemical sensor can be an amperometric sensor that senses a biological feature of a wearer of the contact lens. The working electrode can generate a signal indicative of the sensed analyte, and the combination reference-counter electrode can pass the signal generated from the working electrode. The signal can be employed to determine the analyte concentration of a solution in contact with the contact lens.
Contact Lens with Integrated Pulse Oximeter
Inventors: Harvey Ho, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Aug 21, 2012
Granted Mar 3, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing a contact lens having a pulse oximetry sensor to detect information indicative of a blood oxygen content and/or pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a pulse oximetry sensor located on or within the substrate that detects information associated with at least one of blood oxygen content or a pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens. The pulse oximetry sensor comprises one or more light-emitting diodes that illuminate a blood vessel of at least one of a region of an eye or an eyelid and a detector that receives light reflected from the blood vessel and generates the information.
Passive Surface Acoustic Wave Communication
Inventors: Harvey Ho, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 5, 2012
Granted Sep 2, 2014
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to systems and/or methods for detection of eye blinking by interrogating a passive surface acoustic wave-based contact lens using an interrogation signal and interpreting reflections of the interrogation signal from the passive surface acoustic wave-based contact lens.
In-Situ Tear Sample Collection and Testing Using a Contact Lens
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 7, 2012
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses having one or more sensors that sense an analyte in tear fluid and one or more recesses that collect the tear fluid. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a recess formed within the substrate configured to collect tear fluid when the contact lens is worn. The contact lens further includes at least one sensor disposed within the substrate configured to sense the presence of an analyte in the collected tear fluid.
Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 17, 2012
Published Jul 24, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses having an electrochemical sensor to detect ethanol concentration of a wearer of the contact lens are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and an electrochemical sensor, disposed on or within the substrate, that detects information related to concentration of alcohol present in the blood of a wearer of the contact lens.
Contact Lens that Facilitates Antenna Communication Via Sensor Impedance Modulation
Inventors: Brian Otis, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Sep 24, 2012
Granted Oct 28, 2014
Abstract:
Systems, contact lenses, and methods that facilitate antenna communication via sensor impedance modulation are provided. In one aspect, a system can include a contact lens and a radio frequency (RF) reader. The contact lens can include a substrate; an RF antenna, disposed on or within the substrate; and a sensing component, disposed on or within the substrate, and directly coupled to the RF antenna, wherein the RF antenna is configured to change impedance value as a sensed value of the sensing component changes. The RF reader is external to the contact lens and configured to interrogate the RF antenna with an RF signal. The RF reader can receive a reflected RF signal from the RF antenna in response to the interrogation. The magnitude, phase and/or a frequency of the reflected RF signal can be based on the impedance value of the RF antenna.
Contact Lens That Restricts Incoming Light To The Eye
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Brian Otis
Filed Sep 24, 2012
Granted Feb 24, 2015
Abstract:
This disclosure generally relates to systems and/or methods to restrict light entering an opening of an eye pupil by detecting pupil dilation, detecting incoming light intensity or direction, and adjusting light restricting properties of one or more light restricting regions of the contact lens-based upon the detected pupil dilation parameters and incoming light intensity or direction.
Information Processing Method
Inventors: Ehsan Saeedi, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 25, 2012
Published Mar 27, 2014
Abstract:
Systems, apparatus, and methods including a contact lens that facilitates the collection and/or processing of information associated with sensed features are provided. In one aspect, a system can include a contact lens and an analysis component external to the contact lens. The contact lens can include: a substrate; and a circuit, disposed on or within the substrate. The circuit can include: a plurality of sensors configured to sense respective features associated with a wearer of the contact lens, and a communication component configured to communicate information indicative of sensed features. The analysis component can be configured to: receive the information indicative of the sensed features; and generate statistical information based, at least, on the information indicative of the sensed features.
Facilitation of Temperature Compensation For Contact Lens Sensors and Temperature Sensing
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Sep 25, 2012
Published Mar 17, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lens sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate, that sense a feature associated with a wearer of the contact lens; and a compensation circuit disposed on or within the substrate, coupled to the sensor(s) and that outputs information to adjust an output of the sensor(s). The compensation circuit can include a temperature component that senses the temperature of the sensor(s); and a communication component that outputs information indicative of the temperature of the sensor(s) and receives information associated with adjusting the output of the sensor(s). In other aspects, a contact lens includes a circuit that senses the body temperature, or the ambient temperature outside of the body, of the contact lens wearer. Sensor fusion and/or calibration can be performed based on the information.
Contact Lens Having a Chip Integrated Into a Polymer Substrate and Method of Manufacture
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 25, 2012
Published Mar 27, 2014
Abstract:
Contact lenses and methods of manufacture are provided. In one aspect, a method includes: positioning components in predefined locations on a first surface; applying pressure on the components employing a second surface; providing molten material between the first surface and the second surface and around the components; embedding the components in a substrate by cooling the molten material and causing the molten material to harden, the substrate being a substantially solid form of molten material, and removing the first surface and the second surface after embedding the components in the substrate. The method can also include: providing, on, or within a contact lens, one of the components and the substrate into which the component is embedded. The first surface can include molds sized to receive and maintain the components at the predefined locations. The first surface and/or the second surface can be pre-treated with a non-stick coating such as Polytetrafluoroethylene.
Wearable Device
Inventors: Babak Amirparviz, Harvey Ho
Filed Sep 25, 2012
Granted Mar 24, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing a contact lens that generates information indicative of a hydration level of an eye in which the lens is worn are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a hydration component that generates information associated with a hydration level of an eye in which the contact lens is worn.
Assembling Thin Silicon Chips on a Contact Lens
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 26, 2012
Granted Feb 24, 2015
Abstract:
A contact lens having a thin silicon chip integrated therein is provided along with methods for assembling the silicon chip within the contact lens. In an aspect, a method includes creating a plurality of lens contact pads on a lens substrate and creating a plurality of chip contact pads on a chip. The method further involves applying an assembly bonding material to the each of the plurality of lens contact pads or chip contact pads, aligning the plurality of lens contact pads with the plurality of chip contact pads, bonding the chip to the lens substrate via the assembly bonding material using flip-chip bonding, and forming a contact lens with the lens substrate.
Contact Lens Having an Uneven Embedded Substrate and Method of Manufacture
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 26, 2012
Granted Mar 24, 2015
Abstract:
Contact lenses and methods of manufacturing contact lenses are provided. In one aspect, a method includes: forming a substrate having an uneven surface; providing a sensor at a first region of the substrate; providing a chip at a second region of the substrate; and encapsulating the substrate, sensor, and chip in a polymer. The method also includes patterning interconnections from the first region of the substrate to the second region of the substrate; and patterning metal pads proximate to the second region of the substrate. The chip can be provided on a metal pad. The uneven surface can be a sloped surface or one or more sloped channels in the substrate, and the channels can be wide enough to receive interconnections for the chip and to receive the chip. Further, the substrate can be ring-shaped and curved before encapsulation.
In-Vitro Contact Lens Testing
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 26, 2012
Granted Sep 2, 2014
Abstract:
Contact lens testing apparatuses and method for testing contact lenses for analytes are presented. In an aspect, a device is provided that includes a housing configured to hold one or more contact lenses, and a testing compartment provided within the housing and comprising a reagent, the reagent configured to facilitate a chemical reaction in response to the existence of a predetermined biomarker disposed on or within a contact lens placed in the testing compartment, wherein the chemical reaction produces a known result related to state information of an individual from which the biomarker was generated.
Facilitation of Tear Sample Collection and Testing Using a Contact Lens
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Zenghe Liu
Filed Sep 26, 2012
Published Mar 27, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lens sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate, that sense a feature associated with a wearer of the contact lens; and a compensation circuit disposed on or within the substrate, coupled to the sensor(s) and that outputs information to adjust an output of the sensor(s). The compensation circuit can include a temperature component that senses the temperature of the sensor(s); and a communication component that outputs information indicative of the temperature of the sensor(s) and receives information associated with adjusting the output of the sensor(s). In other aspects, a contact lens includes a circuit that senses the body temperature, or the ambient temperature outside of the body, of the contact lens wearer. Sensor fusion and/or calibration can be performed based on the information.
Image Capture Component on Active Lens
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Olivia Hatalsky, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Oct 8, 2012
Published Apr 10, 2014
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to systems and/or methods for capturing image data representing a scene in a gaze of a viewer via a thin image capture component integrated on or within a contact lens, processing the image data, and employing the processed image data to perform functions locally on the contact lens or remotely on one or more remote devices.
In-vitro Calibration Of An Ophthalmic Analyte Sensor
Inventors: Brian Otis, Zenghe Liu
Filed Oct 12, 2012
Published Apr 17, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. A calibration-solution measurement is obtained while the eye-mountable device is exposed to a calibration solution. A calibration value is determined based on at least the calibration-solution measurement and an analyte concentration of the calibration solution. A tear-film measurement is obtained while the eye-mountable device is mounted to an eye to be exposed to tear film. The analyte concentration of the tear film is determined based on at least the tear-film measurement and the calibration value.
Contact Lens and Method of Manufacture to Improve Sensor Sensitivity
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, James Etzkorn
Filed Oct 24, 2012
Granted Nov 3, 2015
Abstract:
Contact lenses and methods of manufacture are provided. A contact lens can include: an electronics substrate having components formed thereon and disposed within a contact lens forming (CLF) polymer, wherein a first one of the components is positioned at a first region of the electronics substrate and a second one of the components is positioned at a second region of the electronics substrate, the second region being opposite the first region; and a plurality of CLF polymer layers molded such that the plurality of CLF polymer layers has a first thickness in a region of the electronics substrate associated with the first one of the components and has a second thickness in a region of the electronics substrate associated with the second one of the components.
Encapsulated Electronics
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Jan 15, 2013
Granted Oct 28, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode and a reference electrode that reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. An example assembly process includes: forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first layer of a bio-compatible material on the sacrificial layer; providing an electronics module on the first layer of the bio-compatible material, forming a second layer of the bio-compatible material to cover the electronics module; and annealing the first and second layers of the bio-compatible material together to form an encapsulated structure having the electronics module fully encapsulated by the bio-compatible material.
Method of Ring-Shaped Structure Placement in an Eye-Mountable Device
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, Harvey Ho
Filed Jan 17, 2013
Published Jul 17, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor applies a stabilization voltage between a working electrode and a reference electrode to allow the amperometric current to stabilize before powering measurement electronics configured to measure the amperometric current and communicate the measured amperometric current. The electrochemical sensor consumes less power while applying the stabilization voltage than during the measurement. The measurement is initiated in response to receiving a measurement signal at an antenna in the eye-mountable device.
Standby Biasing Of Electrochemical Sensor To Reduce Sensor Stabilization Time During Measurement
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Jan 25, 2013
Published Jul 31, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor applies a stabilization voltage between a working electrode and a reference electrode to allow the amperometric current to stabilize before powering measurement electronics configured to measure the amperometric current and communicate the measured amperometric current. The electrochemical sensor consumes less power while applying the stabilization voltage than during the measurement. The measurement is initiated in response to receiving a measurement signal at an antenna in the eye-mountable device.
Systems and Methods for Encapsulating Electronics in a Mountable Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Mar 26, 2013
Granted Oct 20, 2015
Abstract:
A mountable device includes a bio-compatible structure embedded in a polymer that defines at least one mounting surface. The bio-compatible structure has a first side defined by the first layer of a biocompatible material, a second side defined by the second layer of a biocompatible material, an electronic component, and a conductive pattern that defines sensor electrodes. A portion of the second layer of bio-compatible material is removed by etching to create at least one opening in the second side in which the sensor electrodes are exposed. The etching further removes a portion of the first layer of bio-compatible material to create at least one opening in the first side that is connected to the at least opening in the second side. With this arrangement of openings, analytes can reach the sensor electrodes from either the first side or the second side of the bio-compatible structure.
Systems and Methods for Encapsulating Electronics in a Mountable Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Mar 27, 2013
Granted Aug 25, 2015
Abstract:
A mountable device includes a bio-compatible structure embedded in a polymer that defines at least one mounting surface. The bio-compatible structure includes an electronic component having electrical contacts, sensor electrodes, and electrical interconnects between the sensor electrodes and the electrical contacts. The bio-compatible structure is fabricated such that it is fully encapsulated by a biocompatible material, except for the sensor electrodes. In the fabrication, the electronic component is positioned on the first layer of bio-compatible material and the second layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the first layer of bio-compatible material and the electronic component. The electrical contacts are exposed by removing a portion of the second layer, a conductive pattern is formed to define the sensor electrodes and electrical interconnects, and the third layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the conductive pattern. The sensor electrodes are exposed by removing a portion of the third layer.
Utilizing Oscillator Frequency Divider Settings As A Temperature Sensor In Radio Frequency Applications
Inventors: Brian Patrick Otis, Nathan Pletcher, Daniel Yeager
Filed May 24, 2013
Granted May 5, 2015
Abstract:
Methods and systems for utilizing oscillator frequency divider settings as a temperature sensor are described herein. An example method may involve a reader device transmitting an RF signal to a tag device that includes an electronic oscillator configured to generate an oscillator signal with an oscillator frequency and a frequency adjuster configured to adjust the oscillator frequency with a frequency adjustment factor to provide a resulting frequency, the oscillator frequency being dependent on a temperature of the tag device and the resulting frequency being based on a reference frequency provided by the RF signal. The method may also involve the reader device receiving data from the tag device, the data being indicative of the oscillator frequency. The method may further involve the reader device determining an estimate of the temperature of the tag device based on at least the received data and a predetermined relationship between temperature and oscillator frequency.
Body-Mountable Devices and Methods for Embedding a Structure in a Body-Mountable Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Stephen O’Driscoll
Filed Jun 14, 2013
Published Dec 18, 2014
Abstract:
Body-mountable devices and methods for embedding a structure in a body-mountable device are described. A body-mountable device includes a transparent polymer and a structure embedded in the transparent polymer. The transparent polymer defines a posterior side and an anterior side of the body-mountable device. The structure has an outer diameter and an inner diameter and includes a sensor configured to detect an analyte and an antenna. The antenna includes a plurality of conductive loops spaced apart from each other between the outer diameter and the inner diameter.
Physiological Measurement Using Wearable Device
Inventors: Andrew Conrad, Eric Peeters
Filed Jun 21, 2013
Published Dec 25, 2014
Abstract:
A wearable device includes a detector configured to detect a response signal transmitted from a portion of subsurface vasculature, the response signal being related to binding of a clinically-relevant analyte to functionalized particles present in a lumen of the subsurface vasculature. Program instructions stored in a computer-readable medium of the device, and executable by a processor, may cause the device to determine a concentration of the clinically-relevant analyte based on the response signal detected by the detector; determine whether a medical condition is indicated based on at least the concentration of the clinically-relevant analyte; and, in response to a determination that the medical condition is indicated, transmit data representative of the medical condition via the communication interface. The device may also include a signal source configured to transmit an interrogating signal into the portion of subsurface vasculature, thereby generating a response signal in response to the interrogating signal.
Test Platform for Wrist-Mounted Physiologic Measurement Device
Inventors: Andrew Conrad, Eric Peeters
Filed Jun 21, 2013
Published Dec 25, 2014
Abstract:
A test model has an outer polymer layer that models an exterior surface of a human arm and includes at least a wrist portion, an inner polymer core that is at least partially surrounded by the outer polymer layer and extends into the wrist portion, and polymer tubing adjacent to the inner polymer core. The polymer tubing is at least partially surrounded by the outer polymer layer and extends into the wrist portion. The polymer tubing has a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet. The test model is substantially free of metallic and magnetic materials.
Physiological Measurement Using Wearable Device
Inventors: Andrew Conrad, Eric Peeters
Filed Jun 21, 2013
Published 20140378777
Dec 25, 2014
Abstract:
A method for real-time, high-density physiological data collection includes automatically measuring, by a wearable device, one or more physiological parameters during each of a plurality of measurement periods, and upon conclusion of a measurement period, for each of the plurality of measurement periods, automatically transmitting by the wearable device data representative of the physiological parameters measured during that measurement period, to a server, the server configured to develop a baseline profile based on the data transmitted by the wearable device for the plurality of measurement periods. The measurement periods may extend through a plurality of consecutive days, and each of the consecutive days may include multiple measurement periods. At least some of the physiological parameters are measured by non-invasively detecting one or more analytes in the blood circulating in subsurface vasculature proximate to the wearable device.
Container
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, Daniel Barrows
Filed Jun 24, 2013
Granted Jun 2, 2015
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an apparatus including a first chamber containing an eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a second chamber containing an aqueous solution. The apparatus may also include a membrane positioned between the first chamber and the second chamber. The membrane may be configured to rupture based on the application of a force to the apparatus. The ruptured membrane may allow the aqueous solution to engage with the eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a lid to seal one or more of the first chamber and the second chamber.
Device Identification
Inventors: Daniel Yeager, Brian Otis, Andrew Nelson
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes a controller embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The controller is electrically connected to an antenna included in the eye-mountable device. The controller is configured to (i) receive an indication of an interrogation signal via the antenna, (ii) responsive to the interrogation signal, output a substantially unique identification sequence; and (iii) use the antenna to communicate the substantially unique identification sequence. The substantially unique identification sequence can then be used by external readers to associate the eye-mountable device with device-specific information without storing such information on the eye-mountable device.
Methods for Adhering a Substrate to a Polymer Layer
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Jeffrey George Linhardt
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a method including forming a polymer layer defining a side of an eye-mountable device. The method may also include providing an adhesive in a ring-shaped pattern on a ring-shaped substrate or the first polymer layer. The method may also include providing the ring-shaped substrate on the first polymer layer in a predetermined rotational orientation. The method may also include applying a force to one or more of the ring-shaped substrate and the polymer layer to adhere to the first polymer layer to the ring-shaped substrate. The method may also include curing the ring-shaped substrate and the first polymer layer.
Chemically Reactive Enzyme Immobilization
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Jeffrey George Linhardt
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. The analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer sensing layer in contact with a surface of an electrode, where the sensing layer includes methacrylate-derived backbone chains having covalent bonds to an analyte sensing component. The method includes combining the precursor components of the sensing layer, depositing the combined mixture on a surface of an electrode, and curing the deposited mixture.
Porous Polymeric Formulation Prepared Using Monomer
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Jeffrey George Linhardt
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer in contact with a surface of an electrode, and an analyte sensing component embedded within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer. The crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer has methacrylate-derived backbone chains of first methacrylate-derived units, second methacrylate-derived units, and third methacrylate-derived units. The first and second methacrylate-derived units have side chains that can be the same or different, and the third methacrylate-derived units in different backbone chains are connected by hydrophilic crosslinks.
Porous Polymeric Formulation Prepared Using Porogens
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, Zenghe Liu, Huanfen Yao
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. The analyte sensor includes a crosslinked copolymer network in contact with a surface of an electrode. The copolymer network has voids formed by the removal of a porogen, and an analyte sensing component is immobilized within the network. The method involves forming a solution of the precursors of the copolymer, depositing the mixture on a surface of an electrode, and curing the deposited mixture to provide the analyte sensor.
Enzyme Immobilization by Crosslinking
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes an electrode, a sensing layer in contact with a surface of the electrode, and a protective membrane. The sensing layer is a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer including poly(alkylene oxide) and poly(vinyl pyridine), and an analyte sensing component is immobilized within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer. The protective membrane is a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer including alkylene oxide, vinyl pyridine, and styrene units. The method involves the formation of a sensing layer on a surface of an electrode, followed by the formation of a protective membrane on a surface of the sensing layer.
Methods for Forming a Channel Through a Polymer Layer Using One or More Photoresist Layers
Inventors: Huanfen Yao, Babak Parviz, Jeffrey George Linhardt
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Granted May 12, 2015
Abstract:
A method may involve forming one or more photoresist layers over a sensor located on a structure, such that the sensor is covered by the one or more photoresist layers. The sensor is configured to detect an analyte. The method may involve forming a first polymer layer. Further, the method may involve positioning the structure on the first polymer layer. Still, further, the method may involve forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer and the structure, such that the structure is fully enclosed by the first polymer layer, the second polymer layer, and the one or more photoresist layers. The method may also involve removing the one or more photoresist layers to form a channel through the second polymer layer, wherein the sensor is configured to receive the analyte via the channel.
Devices and Methods for a Contact lens with an Outward Facing Light Source
Inventors: Brian Otis, Robert Francis Wiser, Andrew Nelson
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Granted Sep 16, 2014
Abstract:
A body-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a mounting surface and a surface opposite the mounting surface. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the surface opposite the mounting surface. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to receive modulation instructions and modulate the light emitted by the light source based on the modulation instructions.
Devices and Methods for a Contact lens with an Inward Facing Light SourceE
Inventors: Brian Otis, William James Biederman
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a concave surface and a convex surface, with the concave surface configured to removably mount the eye-mountable device on a corneal surface overlaying a pupil. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the concave surface and towards the corneal surface such that the emitted light is viewable through the pupil. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to modulate the light emitted by the light source to provide modulated light.
Reader Communication with Contact Lens Sensors and Display Device
Inventors: Frank Honoré, Andrew Nelson, Brian Otis
Filed Jun 28, 2013
Granted Dec 30, 2014
Abstract:
A reader for communicating with both an eye-mountable device and a display device is provided. The reader can transmit radio frequency power to a tag that is part of the eye-mountable device. The reader can communicate with the tag using the first protocol. Communicating with the tag can include having the reader request data from the tag and receive the requested data from the tag. The reader can process the received data. The reader can store the processed data. The reader can communicate with the display device using a second protocol, where the first and second protocols can differ. Communicating with the display device can include having the reader transmit the stored data to the display device. The display device can receive the transmitted data, process the transmitted data, and generate one or more displays including the transmitted and/or processed data.
Using Unique Identifiers to Retrieve Configuration Data for Tag Devices
Inventors: Alice Lin, Andrew Nelson, Daniel Yeager, Brian Otis
Filed Aug 22, 2013
Granted Feb 2, 2016
Abstract:
Methods and systems for using unique identifiers to retrieve configuration data for tag devices are described herein. An example method may involve obtaining a unique identifier associated with a tag device. The tag device may include an antenna and a sensor configured to obtain sensor readings that can be wirelessly transmitted to a reader device via the antenna. The method may also involve determining configuration parameters associated with the tag device based on the unique identifier. The method may further involve storing, in at least one memory, at least a portion of the configuration parameters in association with the unique identifier.
Sacrificial Layers for Bio-Compatible Devices
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Harvey Ho, Huanfen Yao
Filed Aug 27, 2013
Published Mar 5, 2015
Abstract:
A method may involve: forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first bio-compatible layer on the sacrificial layer such that the first bio-compatible layer adheres to the sacrificial layer; forming a conductive pattern on the first bio-compatible layer; mounting an electronic component to the conductive pattern; forming a second bio-compatible layer over the first bio-compatible layer, the electronic component, and the conductive pattern; and removing the sacrificial layer to release the bio-compatible device from the working substrate. The first bio-compatible layer defines a first side of a bio-compatible device. The second bio-compatible layer defines a second side of the bio-compatible device.
Nanoparticle Phoresis
Inventors: Andrew Jason Conrad
Filed Sep 5, 2013
Published Mar 5, 2015
Abstract:
Functionalized particles in the blood can selectively bind to targets in the blood that have adverse health effects. The binding of the particles to the targets allows the targets to be selectively modified or destroyed by energy from outside the body such that the adverse health effects are reduced or eliminated. The energy is generated by a wearable device that can direct the energy into the subsurface vasculature of the wearer of the wearable device. Further, one or more of the functionalized particles may be magnetic, allowing a magnetic field generated by the wearable device and directed into the subsurface vasculature to concentrate the bound targets in a lumen of the subsurface vasculature proximate to the wearable device.
Delivery of Functionalized Particles
Inventors: Andrew Jason Conrad
Filed Sep 5, 2013
Published Mar 5, 2015
Abstract:
A device includes a capsule sized to pass through a lumen of a gastrointestinal tract, a plurality of functionalized particles disposed within the capsule, one or more tissue penetrating members configured to puncture a wall of the lumen of the intestinal tract; and an actuator having a first configuration and a second configuration. The actuator is configured to retain the plurality of functionalized particles within the capsule in the first configuration. The actuator is further configured to advance the plurality of functionalized particles from the capsule into a wall of the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract via the one or more tissue penetrating members by the actuator transitioning from the first configuration to the second configuration. Systems including the device and methods of delivering functionalized particles to the body are also provided.
Assembling Thin Silicon Chips on a Contact Lens
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 12, 2013
Granted Jun 9, 2015
Abstract:
A contact lens having a thin silicon chip integrated therein is provided along with methods for assembling the silicon chip within the contact lens. In an aspect, a method includes creating a plurality of lens contact pads on a lens substrate and creating a plurality of chip contact pads on a chip. The method further involves applying an assembly bonding material to the each of the plurality of lens contact pads or chip contact pads, aligning the plurality of lens contact pads with the plurality of chip contact pads, bonding the chip to the lens substrate via the assembly bonding material using flip-chip bonding, and forming a contact lens with the lens substrate.
Devices and Methods for a Contact lens with an Outward Facing Light Source
Inventors: Brian Otis, Robert Francis Wiser, Andrew Nelson
Filed Sep 16, 2013
Granted Sep 9, 2014
Abstract:
A body-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a mounting surface and a surface opposite the mounting surface. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the surface opposite the mounting surface. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to receive modulation instructions and modulate the light emitted by the light source based on the modulation instructions.
Devices and Methods for a Contact lens with an Inward Facing Light Source
Inventors: Brian Otis, William James Biederman
Filed Sep 16, 2013
Granted Jul 1, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a concave surface and a convex surface, with the concave surface configured to removably mount the eye-mountable device on a corneal surface overlaying a pupil. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the concave surface and towards the corneal surface such that the emitted light is viewable through the pupil. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to modulate the light emitted by the light source to provide modulated light.
Reader Communication With Contact Lens Sensors and Display Device
Inventors: Brian Otis, Frank Honoré, Andrew Nelson
Filed Sep 16, 2013
Granted Sep 8, 2015
Abstract:
A reader for communicating with both an eye-mountable device and a display device is provided. The reader can transmit radio frequency power to a tag that is part of the eye-mountable device. The reader can communicate with the tag using the first protocol. Communicating with the tag can include having the reader request data from the tag and receive the requested data from the tag. The reader can process the received data. The reader can store the processed data. The reader can communicate with the display device using a second protocol, where the first and second protocols can differ. Communicating with the display device can include having the reader transmit the stored data to the display device. The display device can receive the transmitted data, process the transmitted data, and generate one or more displays including the transmitted and/or processed data.
Device With Dual Power Sources
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Daniel Yeager, William James Biederman, Andrew Nelson
Filed Sep 16, 2013
Granted Jun 3, 2014
Abstract:
A wearable device includes a sensor, auxiliary electronics, a primary power supply configured to harvest radio frequency (RF) radiation received from an external reader and use the harvested RF radiation to power the sensor, and an auxiliary power supply configured to harvest energy other than that received from the external reader and use the harvested energy to supply power to the sensor and/or the auxiliary electronics. The external reader may supply less power in response to the operation of the auxiliary power supply. Additionally or in response to a determination that the auxiliary power supply is unable to supply power, the wearable device may disable all auxiliary electronics but for the sensor. In response to a determination that the primary power supply is unable to supply power but the auxiliary power supply can supply power, the wearable device may retain operating parameters in the memory storage unit using the auxiliary power supply.
Contact Lenses Having Two-Electrode Electrochemical Sensors
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Sep 17, 2013
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses with two-electrode electrochemical sensors are provided. In some aspects, the contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens; and a circuit disposed on or within the substrate, and including a two-electrode electrochemical sensor. The two-electrode electrochemical sensor can include a working electrode; and a combination reference-counter electrode. The electrochemical sensor can be an amperometric sensor that senses a biological feature of a wearer of the contact lens. The working electrode can generate a signal indicative of the sensed analyte, and the combination reference-counter electrode can pass the signal generated from the working electrode. The signal can be employed to determine the analyte concentration of a solution in contact with the contact lens.
Contact Lens with Integrated Pulse Oximeter
Inventors: Harvey Ho, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 17, 2013
Granted Dec 9, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing a contact lens having a pulse oximetry sensor to detect information indicative of a blood oxygen content and/or pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a pulse oximetry sensor located on or within the substrate that detects information associated with at least one of blood oxygen content or a pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens. The pulse oximetry sensor comprises one or more light-emitting diodes that illuminate a blood vessel of at least one of a region of an eye or an eyelid and a detector that receives light reflected from the blood vessel and generates the information.
In-vitro Calibration Of An Ophthalmic Analyte Sensor
Inventors: Brian Otis, Zenghe Liu
Filed Sep 19, 2013
Published Apr 17, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. A calibration-solution measurement is obtained while the eye-mountable device is exposed to a calibration solution. A calibration value is determined based on at least the calibration-solution measurement and an analyte concentration of the calibration solution. A tear-film measurement is obtained while the eye-mountable device is mounted to an eye to be exposed to tear film. The analyte concentration of the tear film is determined based on at least the tear-film measurement and the calibration value.
Encapulated Electronics
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 19, 2013
Granted Nov 11, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode and a reference electrode that reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. An example assembly process includes: forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first layer of a bio-compatible material on the sacrificial layer; providing an electronics module on the first layer of the bio-compatible material, forming a second layer of the bio-compatible material to cover the electronics module; and annealing the first and second layers of the bio-compatible material together to form an encapsulated structure having the electronics module fully encapsulated by the bio-compatible material.
Standby Biasing Of Electrochemical Sensor To Reduce Sensor Stabilization Time During Measurement
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Sep 20, 2013
Granted Jan 6, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor applies a stabilization voltage between a working electrode and a reference electrode to allow the amperometric current to stabilize before powering measurement electronics configured to measure the amperometric current and communicate the measured amperometric current. The electrochemical sensor consumes less power while applying the stabilization voltage than during the measurement. The measurement is initiated in response to receiving a measurement signal at an antenna in the eye-mountable device.
Systems and Methods for Encapsulating Electronics in a Mountable Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 20, 2013
Granted Feb 10, 2015
Abstract:
A mountable device includes a bio-compatible structure embedded in a polymer that defines at least one mounting surface. The bio-compatible structure includes an electronic component having electrical contacts, sensor electrodes, and electrical interconnects between the sensor electrodes and the electrical contacts. The bio-compatible structure is fabricated such that it is fully encapsulated by a biocompatible material, except for the sensor electrodes. In the fabrication, the electronic component is positioned on the first layer of bio-compatible material and the second layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the first layer of bio-compatible material and the electronic component. The electrical contacts are exposed by removing a portion of the second layer, a conductive pattern is formed to define the sensor electrodes and electrical interconnects, and the third layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the conductive pattern. The sensor electrodes are exposed by removing a portion of the third layer.
Systems and Methods for Encapsulating Electronics in a Mountable Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 23, 2013
Granted Apr 21, 2015
Abstract:
A mountable device includes a bio-compatible structure embedded in a polymer that defines at least one mounting surface. The bio-compatible structure includes an electronic component having electrical contacts, sensor electrodes, and electrical interconnects between the sensor electrodes and the electrical contacts. The bio-compatible structure is fabricated such that it is fully encapsulated by a biocompatible material, except for the sensor electrodes. In the fabrication, the electronic component is positioned on the first layer of bio-compatible material and the second layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the first layer of bio-compatible material and the electronic component. The electrical contacts are exposed by removing a portion of the second layer, a conductive pattern is formed to define the sensor electrodes and electrical interconnects, and the third layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the conductive pattern. The sensor electrodes are exposed by removing a portion of the third layer.
Device Having Embedded Antenna
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Stephen O’Driscoll
Filed Sep 24, 2013
Published Dec 18, 2014
Abstract:
Body-mountable devices and methods for embedding a structure in a body-mountable device are described. A body-mountable device includes a transparent polymer and a structure embedded in the transparent polymer. The transparent polymer defines a posterior side and an anterior side of the body-mountable device. The structure has an outer diameter and an inner diameter and includes a sensor configured to detect an analyte and an antenna. The antenna includes a plurality of conductive loops spaced apart from each other between the outer diameter and the inner diameter.
Information Processing Method
Inventors: Ehsan Saeedi, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Sep 24, 2013
Published Mar 27, 2014
Abstract:
Systems, apparatus, and methods including a contact lens that facilitates the collection and/or processing of information associated with sensed features are provided. In one aspect, a system can include a contact lens and an analysis component external to the contact lens. The contact lens can include: a substrate; and a circuit, disposed on or within the substrate. The circuit can include: a plurality of sensors configured to sense respective features associated with a wearer of the contact lens, and a communication component configured to communicate information indicative of sensed features. The analysis component can be configured to: receive the information indicative of the sensed features; and generate statistical information based, at least, on the information indicative of the sensed features.
Container
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, Daniel Barrows
Filed Sep 24, 2013
Granted Nov 11, 2014
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an apparatus including a first chamber containing an eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a second chamber containing an aqueous solution. The apparatus may also include a membrane positioned between the first chamber and the second chamber. The membrane may be configured to rupture based on the application of a force to the apparatus. The ruptured membrane may allow the aqueous solution to engage with the eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a lid to seal one or more of the first chamber and the second chamber.
Method And System For Measuring Pyruvate
Inventors: Huanfen Yao, Zenghe Liu
Filed Oct 17, 2013
Granted Aug 4, 2015
Abstract:
A body-mountable pyruvate sensing device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent localized near the working electrode that selectively reacts with pyruvate. Application of a voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode causes a current related to a concentration of pyruvate in a fluid to which the electrochemical sensor is exposed; the current is measured by the body-mountable device and wirelessly communicated.
Method And System For Measuring Urea
Inventors: Huanfen Yao, Zenghe Liu
Filed Oct 17, 2013
Published Apr 23, 2015
Abstract:
A body-mountable urea sensing device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent localized near the working electrode that selectively reacts with urea. A potentiometric voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode is related to a concentration of urea in a fluid to which the electrochemical sensor is exposed; the voltage is measured by the body-mountable device and wirelessly communicated.
Modulation of a Response Signal to Distinguish Between Analyte and Background Signals
Inventors: Jason Thompson, Andrew Conrad, Eric Peeters, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Mark Askew
Filed Oct 23, 2013
Published Apr 23, 2015
Abstract:
A method for modulating a response signal includes introducing functionalized particles into a lumen of subsurface vasculature, wherein the functionalized particles are configured to interact with one or more target analytes present in the blood circulating in the subsurface vasculature, and non-invasively detecting the one or more target analytes. A response signal, which may include a background signal and an analyte response signal related to the interaction of the functionalized particles with one or more target analytes, is transmitted from the subsurface vasculature. A modulation configured to alter the response signal such that the analyte response signal is affected differently than the background signal may be applied to a portion of subsurface vasculature. Analyte detection may be achieved by differentiating the analyte response signal from the background.
Non-Invasive Analyte Detection System with Modulation Source
Inventors: Andrew Conrad, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Eric Peeters, Jason Thompson, Mark Askew
Filed Oct 23, 2013
Published Apr 23, 2015
Abstract:
A system for modulating a response signal includes functionalized particles configured to interact with target analytes, a detector configured to detect an analyte response signal transmitted from the body, a modulation source configured to modulate the analyte response signal, and a processor configured to non-invasively detect the one or more target analytes by differentiating the analyte response signal from a background signal, at least in part, based on the modulation. The analyte response signal is related to the interaction of the target analytes with the functionalized particles. In some examples, the system may also include magnetic particles and a magnetic field source sufficient to distribute the magnetic particles into a spatial arrangement in the body. The analyte response signal may be differentiated from the background signal, at least in part, based on modulation of the signals due, to the spatial arrangement of the magnetic particles.
Spatial Modulation of Magnetic Particles in Vasculature by External Magnetic Field
Inventors: Eric Peeters, Jason Thompson, Andrew Conrad, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Mark Askew
Filed Oct 23, 2013
Published Apr 23, 2015
Abstract:
A method for modulating a response signal includes introducing functionalized magnetic particles configured to interact with target analytes into the body, applying a magnetic field sufficient to draw the functionalized magnetic particles towards a surface of the lumen of subsurface vasculature closest to an internally or externally applied mask having a spatial arrangement, and detecting a response signal, which includes a background signal and an analyte response signal, transmitted from the subsurface vasculature. The analyte response signal related to the interaction of the functionalized magnetic particles with the target analytes and is modulated concerning the background signal due, at least in part, to the spatial arrangement of the mask. The target analytes may be non-invasively detected by differentiating the analyte response signal from the background signal due, at least in part, to the modulation of the analyte response signal.
Closed Loop Control System based on a Non-Invasive Continuous Sensor
Inventors: Huanfen Yao
Filed Nov 22, 2013
Published May 28, 2015
Abstract:
Methods and systems for controlling analyte levels are described. An example method may include receiving a sensor measurement relating to an eye-mountable device. The method also may include determining an analyte concentration based on the one or more sensor measurements and comparing the analyte concentration to a target analyte concentration. Based on the comparing, the method further may include providing instructions to a drug delivery device, where the instructions are configured to control a drug delivery rate by the drug delivery device.
Method and System for Measuring Retinal
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Douglas Weibel
Filed Nov 26, 2013
Granted Aug 11, 2015
Abstract:
A body-mountable retinal sensing device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a body surface, such as a cornea. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent localized near the working electrode that selectively reacts with retinal. Application of a voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode causes a current related to a concentration of retinal in a fluid to which the electrochemical sensor is exposed. The current is measured by the body-mountable device and wirelessly communicated.
Adjustment of Sensor Sensitivity by Controlling Copolymer Film Thickness Through a Controlled Drying Step
Inventors: Huanfen Yao, Zenghe Liu
Filed Nov 27, 2013
Published May 28, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer in contact with a surface of an electrode, and an analyte sensing component embedded within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer. The method of making the analyte sensor includes depositing a precursor mixture containing monomers and an analyte sensing component onto an electrode, exposing the deposited precursor mixture to a controlled environment for a specified period, and photopolymerizing the deposited exposed precursor mixture into a copolymer layer in contact with a surface of the electrode. Exposing the deposited precursor mixture to a controlled environment can increase the sensitivity of the sensor by reducing the thickness of the copolymer layer and/or by causing the analyte sensitive component within the copolymer layer to have a non-uniform concentration within the layer.
Formulation and Storage Method to Enhance the Enzyme and Sensor Stabilities
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Huanfen Yao
Filed Dec 6, 2013
Published Jun 11, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor and method of making are provided. The analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer in contact with a surface of an electrode; and an analyte sensing component embedded within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer, where the analyte sensing component is surrounded by a buffer having a predetermined buffering component and pH value and where the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer includes: backbone chains having first methacrylate-derived units, each having a first hydrophilic side chain; second methacrylate-derived units, each having a second hydrophilic side chain, where the first and second side chains are the same or different; third methacrylate-derived units; and hydrophilic crosslinks between third methacrylate-derived units in different backbone chains. The analyte sensor may be maintained at a humidity level of less than 25% to maintain its performance during storage.
Sensor Membrane with Low Temperature Coefficient
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Dec 6, 2013
Published Jun 11, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor for measuring physiological parameters, a method for making the analyte sensor, and method of measuring a level of an analyte in a subject are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer in contact with a surface of an electrode, and an analyte sensing component embedded within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer. The crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer has methacrylate-derived backbone chains of first methacrylate-derived units, second methacrylate-derived units, and third methacrylate-derived units. The first and second methacrylate-derived units have side chains that can be the same or different, and the third methacrylate-derived units in different backbone chains are connected by hydrophilic crosslinks. The crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer has an analyte permeability that is substantially temperature independent. The analyte sensor generates signals that are substantially temperature independent over a range of temperatures.
Method of Location Coordination Via Wireless Protocol Between Multiple Devices
Inventors: Sarel Kobus Jooste
Filed Dec 16, 2013
Published Jun 18, 2015
Abstract:
Systems and methods for location coordination between multiple devices are provided. In one example, a method includes receiving by a wearable device, a location signal from a positioning device having location-determining capabilities indicative of the location of the positioning device and calculating a first location of the wearable device based, at least in part, on the location of the positioning device and the strength of the location signal received by the wearable device. The wearable device may include at least one sensor configured to measure at least one physiological parameter.
Contact Lens for Measuring Intraocular Pressure
Inventors: Douglas Weibel, Babak Parviz
Filed Dec 16, 2013
Published Jun 18, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device for measuring intraocular pressure is provided. The device may include a transparent polymeric material having a concave surface configured to be removably mounted over a corneal surface of an eye, an antenna, an expandable member, a sensor, and control electronics at least partially embedded in the transparent polymeric material. The expandable device is configured to expand and apply a force to the corneal surface and the sensor is configured to detect resistance to deformation of the cornea in response to the applied force. The resistance to deformation of the cornea in response to the force applied by the expandable member is indicative of the intraocular pressure of the eye.
Noble Metal Surface Treatment Surface Treatment to Improve Admesion in Bio-Compatible Devices
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Jeffrey G. Linhardt
Filed Dec 17, 2013
Granted Jun 2, 2015
Abstract:
A method involving forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first bio-compatible layer on the sacrificial layer such that the first bio-compatible layer adheres to the sacrificial layer, wherein the first bio-compatible layer defines a first side of a bio-compatible device; forming a conductive pattern on the first bio-compatible layer, the conductive pattern comprising a metal; mounting an electronic component to the conductive pattern; forming a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on the conductive pattern by contacting the conductive pattern with a functionalized sulfur compound or a functionalized selenium compound; forming an adhesion layer on the SAM by contacting the SAM with an adhesion promoter; forming a second bio-compatible layer over the first bio-compatible layer, the electronic component, and the conductive pattern having the adhesion layer, wherein the second bio-compatible layer defines a second side of the bio-compatible device; and removing the sacrificial layer to release the bio-compatible device from the working substrate. The first bio-compatible layer defines a first side of a bio-compatible device. The second bio-compatible layer defines a second side of the bio-compatible device.
Packaging for an Active Contact Lens
Inventors: Daniel Patrick Barrows, Jeffrey George Linhardt
Filed Dec 19, 2013
Published Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device, having an anterior convex side and a posterior concave side, is packaged in a container having a base and a wall. The wall extends from the base and defines an opening of the container. Disposed within the container is a pedestal, which has a first end attached to the base of the container and a second end opposite the first end. The eye-mountable device is mounted on the pedestal such that the posterior concave side contacts the second end of the pedestal and the eye-mountable device are elevated from the base of the container. The opening of the container can be sealed by a lidstock.
Tear Fluid Conductivity Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Huanfen Yao
Filed Dec 20, 2013
Published Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a fluid conductivity sensor that can be used to obtain in-vivo measurements of conductivity of biological fluid samples, for example, to determine osmolarity. The conductivity sensor can be disposed on a substrate that is at least partially embedded within a polymeric material of a body-mountable device. The conductivity sensor can include a frame having a trench formed therein that defines a fluid sample cell. First and second electrodes can be formed on sidewalls of the trench, such that the first and second electrodes are on opposite sides of the fluid sample cell. A controller in the body-mountable device can operate the sensor by applying a voltage to the electrodes and measuring a current through a fluid occupying the fluid sample cell. The body-mountable device may indicate the current measurements wirelessly using an antenna.
Two-layer Analyte Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Huanfen Yao
Filed Dec 23, 2013
Published Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
An analyte sensor and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes a sensing membrane having a crosslinked network with an embedded analyte sensing component. In another aspect, the analyte sensor includes a protective membrane adjacent to the surface of the sensing membrane. The protective membrane can be a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer having methacrylate-derived backbone chains of first methacrylate-derived units, second methacrylate-derived units, and third methacrylate-derived units. The first and second methacrylate-derived units have hydrophilic side chains, and the third methacrylate-derived units in different backbone chains are connected by hydrophilic crosslinks. A method for making the analyte sensor is also disclosed.
Analyte Sensors with Ethylene Oxide Immunity
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Dec 23, 2013
Published Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
Analyte sensors capable of undergoing sterilization with ethylene oxide are provided. The analyte sensors can include one or more polymer membranes having a nucleophilic group.
Sensor Electrodes in a Bio-compatible Device
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Zenghe Liu, Harvey Ho
Filed Dec 23, 2013
Published Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
A method may involve providing a conductive pattern on a bio-compatible layer. The conductive pattern may include a first conductive layer that comprises a first metal and a second conductive layer that comprises a second metal. The second conductive layer may be over the first conductive layer, and the first metal may be more malleable than the second metal. The method may also include mounting an electrical component to the conductive pattern to provide an electrochemical sensor. The electrochemical sensor may be configured for use in a body-mountable device.
Molded Electronic Structures in Body-Mountable Devices
Inventors: Daniel Patrick Barrows, Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn, Jeffrey George Linherdt
Filed Dec 23, 2013
Published 20150173602
Jun 25, 2015
Abstract:
Molded electronic structures configured for use in body-mountable devices and methods for embedding molded electronic structures in a body-mountable device are described. An example method may include molding an electronic structure to have the first curvature corresponding to the first radius of curvature. The electronic structure may include an antenna, a sensor, and an electronic device. The example method may also include adhering the molded electronic structure to a first polymer layer. The example method may additionally include forming a second polymer layer over the molded electronic structure adhered to the first polymer layer.
Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converter
Inventors: Alireza Dastgheib, Brian Otis
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Granted May 12, 2015
Abstract:
A potentiostat includes a voltage regulator, a current mirror, a capacitor, a comparator, a current source, and a counter. The voltage regulator maintains a voltage on a working electrode of an electrochemical sensor. The current mirror develops a mirror current that mirrors an input current from the working electrode. The capacitor is alternately charged by the mirror current, causing the capacitor voltage to increase at a rate related to the current’s magnitude, and discharged by a control current, causing the capacitor voltage to decrease. The comparator outputs a waveform that includes upward and downward transitions based on the variations of the capacitor voltage. The current source produces the control current based on the waveform. The counter counts the number of upward or downward transitions in the waveform during a predetermined sampling period to produce a digital output. The digital output is representative of the magnitude of the input current.
Hands-Free Interface
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Francis Honore, Andrew Nelson
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
A wearable device and external reader is provided for herein. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the wearable device or the reader is configured to receive a level of radiant energy, detect a change in the received level of radiant energy, determine that the detected change in the received level of radiant energy is indicative of a predetermined pattern of received radiant energy, and responsively operate (or cause to be operated via the external reader) one or more external devices.
Conditional Retrieval
Inventors: Brian Otis, William Biederman, Daniel James Yeager
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published 20150186701
Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method is disclosed. The method involves: a reader detecting an eye-mountable device within a wireless communication range of the reader, wherein the eye-mountable device includes a transparent material having a concave mounting surface configured to be removably mounted on a corneal surface; wirelessly retrieving from the detected eye-mountable device the first set of data; using the retrieved first set of data to determine that a condition has been satisfied; and responsive to using the retrieved first set of data to determine that the condition has been satisfied, retrieving from the detected eye-mountable device the second set of data.
Use of a Tag and Reader Antenna for a Simulated Theremin Effect
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brain Otis
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for providing audible feedback based on proximity or a link quality between an external reader and a tag. The external reader transmits power to the tag with a radio frequency electromagnetic signal. The tag may rectify the radiofrequency electromagnetic signal and create a rectified voltage. This rectified voltage may be used to power various components of the tag. Once it receives power from the reader, the tag may communicate information back to the external reader. The information communicated back to the reader is communicated by modulating an antenna impedance of the tag. By modulating the impedance, the tag will backscatter radiation transmitted by the reader. The reader can create an audio output based on determining the proximity or link quality from the reader to the tag based on the backscatter radiation it receives from the tag.
Methods for Adjusting the Power of an External Reader
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Francis Honore, Brian Otis, Andrew Nelson
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are methods and systems for adjusting the power level of an external reader of an electronic device. The external reader transmits power to the electronic device with a radio frequency electromagnetic signal. The electronic device may rectify the radiofrequency electromagnetic signal and create a rectified voltage. The rectified voltage may be positively correlated to the power level transmitted by the external device. The rectified power can be used to power a component of the electronic device, such as a component configured to measure either a voltage or power associated with the rectified voltage. The electronic device may communicate the measured voltage or power back to the external reader. Based on the communicated voltage or power, the external reader may adjust its power level of the transmitted power.
Fabrication Methods for Batteries
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, William Biederman, Brian Otis
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
A method may involve forming a first electrode on a structure, where the first electrode defines an anode of a battery, and where the battery is configured to provide electrical power to a circuit located on the structure. The method may further involve forming a second electrode on the structure, where the second electrode defines a cathode of the battery, and where the second electrode is configured to reduce oxygen. And the method may involve embedding the structure in a polymer.
Methods and Apparatus for Positioning a Structure on a Polymer Layer
Inventors: Jeffrey George Linhardt, Daniel Patrick Burrows
Filed Dec 30, 2013
Published Jul 2, 2015
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for positioning a structure on a polymer layer are described. A method may involve forming a first polymer layer. The method may further involve positioning, by an apparatus, a structure on the first polymer layer, where the apparatus comprises a rod having a first end that supports the structure as the structure is being positioned and a plunger located around the first end of the rod that presses the structure onto the first polymer layer as the structure is being positioned. And the method may involve forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer and the structure, where the first polymer layer defines a first side of a body-mountable device and the second polymer layer defines a second side of the body-mountable device opposite the first side.
Battery
Inventors: Ramesh Bhardwaj, James Etzkorn
Filed Jan 24, 2014
Published Jul 30, 2015
Abstract:
A battery includes an electrolyte disposed on a substantially planar substrate. The electrolyte has a first surface extending from the substrate and in contact with a cathode. The electrolyte has a second surface extending from the substrate and in contact with an anode. The second surface is opposite the first surface. The anode and the cathode are non-overlapping. The battery additionally includes a biocompatible protective layer that covers the electrolyte and at least portions of the anode and cathode. The battery can be disposed of in an eye-mountable device or other devices to power electronics in the device. The battery can be configured to be rechargeable.
Silicon-Vacancy-Doped Nanodiamonds for Molecular and Cellular Imaging
Inventors: Victor Marcel Acosta, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Andrew Homyk, Eric Peeters, Jason Donald Thompson
Filed Feb 21, 2014
Published Aug 27, 2015
Abstract:
An imaging agent for detecting analytes in a biological environment includes functionalized, silicon-vacancy center-containing nanodiamonds. Individual nanodiamonds of the imaging agent include at least one silicon-vacancy center. The at least one silicon-vacancy center can emit light having a wavelength in a narrow band in response to illumination having any wavelength in a wide range of wavelengths. The nanodiamonds are functionalized to selectively interact with an analyte of interest. The nanodiamonds can additionally include other color centers, and the imaging agent can include a plurality of sets of nanodiamonds having detectably unique ratios of silicon-vacancy centers to other color centers. The silicon-vacancy centers in the nanodiamonds can have a preferred orientation enabling orientation tracking of individual nanodiamonds or other applications. A method for detecting properties of the analyte of interest by interacting with the imaging agent is also provided.
Engineered Particles with Polarization Contrast and Alignment Control for Enhanced Imaging
Inventors: Andrew Homyk, Victor Marcel Acosta, Vikram Singh Bajaj
Filed Feb 24, 2014
Published Aug 27, 2015
Abstract:
An engineered particle for detecting analytes in an environment includes an electromagnetic receiver that is configured to preferentially receive electromagnetic radiation of a specified polarization relative to the orientation of the electromagnetic receiver. The engineered particle additionally includes an energy emitter coupled to the electromagnetic receiver such that a portion of electromagnetic energy received by the electromagnetic receiver is transferred to and emitted by the energy emitter. The engineered particles are functionalized to selectively interact with an analyte. The engineered particle can additionally be configured to align with a directed energy field in the environment. The selective reception of electromagnetic radiation of a specified polarization and/or alignment with a directed energy field can enable orientation tracking of individual engineered particles, imaging in high-noise environments, or other applications. A method for detecting properties of the analyte of interest by interacting with the engineered particle is also provided.
Reference Frequency from Ambient Light Signal
Inventors: Robert Francis Wiser, Daniel James Yeager
Filed Mar 11, 2014
Granted Nov 10, 2015
Abstract:
A system includes an oscillator referenced to a frequency extracted from periodic intensity modulations of incident light. The incident light can be intensity modulated based on the frequency of the AC voltage that powers artificial lighting. The system includes a light-sensitive element configured to generate an output signal indicative of an intensity of incident light and a controller. The controller can receive a first input signal based on the output signal from the light-sensitive element. In the presence of artificial lighting, the first input signal has a frequency based on a reference frequency at which an intensity of light incident on the light-sensitive element periodically varies. The controller can generate a control signal based in part on the reference frequency. The controller can provide the generated control signal to the adjustable oscillator to thereby adjust the oscillator frequency.
Device With Dual Power Sources
Inventors: William James Biederman, Nathan Pletcher, Andrew Nelson, Daniel Yeager
Filed Apr 22, 2014
Published Mar 19, 2015
Abstract:
A wearable device includes a sensor, auxiliary electronics, a primary power supply configured to harvest radio frequency (RF) radiation received from an external reader and use the harvested RF radiation to power the sensor, and an auxiliary power supply configured to harvest energy other than that received from the external reader and use the harvested energy to supply power to the sensor and/or the auxiliary electronics. The external reader may supply less power in response to the operation of the auxiliary power supply. Additionally or in response to a determination that the auxiliary power supply is unable to supply power, the wearable device may disable all auxiliary electronics but for the sensor. In response to a determination that the primary power supply is unable to supply power but the auxiliary power supply can supply power, the wearable device may retain operating parameters in the memory storage unit using the auxiliary power supply.
System for laser ablation surgery
Inventors: Hao Du, Xiaoyu Miao
Filed May 20, 2014
Published Nov 26, 2015
Abstract:
An active tracking system includes an imager configured to image the temperature of a biological tissue and a heating laser configured to heat regions of the biological tissue. The imager locates high-temperature regions of the biological tissue and the heating laser is controlled to point toward target regions of the biological tissue based on the located high-temperature regions. The active tracking system can be used to control a heating laser to continuously heat a target region of a biological tissue even when the target region moves relative to the heating laser. The active tracking system could allow one or more target regions of biological tissue to be ‘tagged’ with heat by the heating laser and to be tracked even when the one or more target regions move relative to the heating laser. Devices and methods for operating such active tracking systems are also provided.
Needle-Free Blood Draw
Inventors: Eric Peeters, Peter H. Smith
Filed May 28, 2014
Published Dec 3, 2015
Abstract:
A system for the needle-free drawing of blood is disclosed. A device can include an evacuated negative-pressure barrel with a membrane sealing an aperture at a distal end, and a housing affixed to a proximal end. An accelerator barrel can be positioned within the negative-pressure barrel and fixed to the housing, with an open proximal end in a chamber in the housing, and an open distal end aligned with the aperture. The chamber can be filled with pressurized gas, and a trigger valve can hydrostatically separate the chamber from the open proximal end of the accelerator barrel. A micro-particle positioned within the accelerator barrel can be accelerated to high speed by an abrupt surge of gas by releasing the trigger valve. The micro-particle can attain enough momentum to pierce the aperture membrane and penetrate adjacent dermal tissue. A resulting micro-emergence of blood can be drawn into the negative pressure barrel.
Adaptive Antenna Tuning Based On Measured Antenna Impedance
Inventors: Stephen O’Driscoll
Filed Jun 12, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
A system includes an antenna, an impedance measurement circuit, an impedance tuning circuit, and a controller. The impedance measurement circuit can include a test current source that conveys a test current through the antenna and a voltage sensor that measure a voltage across the antenna while the test current is conveyed through the antenna. The impedance tuning circuit can be coupled to the antenna leads and can include one or more reactive elements that can be selectively coupled to the antenna, or otherwise adjusted, to effect adjustment of the impedance connected to the antenna. The controller can: (i) use the impedance measurement circuit to obtain a measurement indicative of an impedance of the antenna; (ii) determine an adjustment to the impedance tuning circuit based on the obtained measurement, and (iii) cause the impedance tuning circuit to make the determined adjustment.
Wrist Band Attachment for a Wearable Device
Inventors: Christopher Jones, John Lapetina
Filed Jun 12, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
A wearable device includes an electronics module having a first peripheral mating surface extending around a periphery of the electronics module. The first peripheral mating surface includes a first level portion and a second-level portion. The second level portion is substantially concentric with the first level portion. The second level portion is configured to meet the first level portion at the periphery of the electronics module to form a step. The wearable device also includes a strap configured for removable placement about an external body surface. The wearable device further includes a holder coupled to the strap. The holder defines a frame configured to receive the electronics module. The frame includes a second peripheral mating surface opposing the first peripheral mating surface of the electronics module. The second peripheral mating surface includes a respective step configured to mate with the step of the first peripheral mating surface.
Three-Dimensional Wireless Charging Coil
Inventors: John Lapetina, Russell Norman Mirov
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Wearable devices are described herein that include a housing, a magnetic shielding, and a coil. The housing includes a first outer surface, a second outer surface opposite the first outer surface, the second outer surface being narrower than the first outer surface and being configured to contact the skin at an external body surface, and a chamfer of a given shape between the first outer surface and the second outer surface. The magnetic shielding is disposed in the housing between the first and second outer surfaces. The coil is disposed in the housing and configured to receive energy via a magnetic field. The coil includes coil windings that substantially fit the shape of the chamfer, where the coil windings include a first portion of windings proximate to the magnetic shielding and further include a second portion of windings narrower than the first portion and proximate to the second outer surface.
,a href=”http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220150363617%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20150363617&RS=DN/20150363617″>System for Aligning a Handheld RFID Reader
Inventors: Francis Albert Honore
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for providing visible feedback based on alignment or a link quality between an external reader and a tag. The external reader transmits power to the tag with a radio frequency electromagnetic signal. The tag may rectify the radiofrequency electromagnetic signal and create a rectified voltage. This rectified voltage may be used to power various components of the tag. Once it receives power from the reader, the tag may communicate information back to the external reader. The information communicated back to the reader is communicated by modulating an antenna impedance of the tag. By modulating the impedance, the tag will backscatter radiation transmitted by the reader. The reader can create a visual output based on determining the alignment or link quality from the reader to the tag based on the backscatter radiation it receives from the tag.
Zero-Power Wireless Device Programming
Inventors: Daniel James Yeager, Brian Otis, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for loading program data on to an unpowered electronic device, such as an RFID tag that includes volatile memory. Initially, the tag is unpowered. Thus, the volatile memory in the tag will not have any stored data. To load data into the memory of the tag, a reader can power the tag wirelessly. The reader includes an antenna configured to transmit electromagnetic radiation and receive backscatter electromagnetic radiation. The reader also includes a processing unit. The processing unit is configured to analyze the backscatter electromagnetic radiation. The processing unit may analyze the backscatter radiation to determine a supply voltage induced in the tag. In response to the induced voltage being greater than a threshold, the processing unit may alter the transmitted electromagnetic radiation to communicate tag data.
Conditional Storage
Inventors: Brian Otis, Daniel James Yeager
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method involves obtaining, by a body-mountable device, sensor data, where the body-mountable device includes data storage. The method further involves deciding that each condition in a condition set has been satisfied. Besides, the method involves responsive to determining that each condition in the condition set has been satisfied, storing the obtained sensor data in the data storage.
Multipurpose contacts for delivering electro-haptic feedback to a wearer
Inventors: John Lapetina, Russell Norman Mirov
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Wearable devices are described herein including a housing and a mount configured to mount the housing to an external surface of a wearer. The wearable devices further include first and second electrical contacts protruding from the housing and configured such that the electrical contacts can be used to measure a Galvanic skin resistance of skin proximate to the electrical contacts when the wearable device is mounted to the external surface of the wearer. The electrical contacts are additionally configured to deliver an electro-haptic stimulus to skin proximate to the electrical contacts when the wearable device is mounted to the external surface of the wearer. The electro-haptic stimulus could be delivered to a wearer to indicate information to the wearer, including information about a health or activity state of the wearer, about communications received by the wearable device, and about alerts generated by the wearable device.
Contact Lenses
Inventors: Babak Parviz, Brian Otis
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Granted Jun 2, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems and methods for facilitating iris-scanning contact lenses and/or biometric identification employing iris scanning contact lenses are provided. In one implementation, the contact lens can include: a transparent substrate formed to cover at least a portion of an iris of an eye; and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more light sensors disposed on or within the transparent substrate and that detects light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; readout circuitry, operably coupled to the one or more light sensors, that outputs information indicative of the light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; and a power component that supplies power to the readout circuitry. In various implementations, the contact lens can be employed in systems and/or methods associated with authentication and identification.
Method for using nanodiamonds to detect nearby magnetic nanoparticles
Inventors: Victor Marcel Acosta, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Jason Donald Thompson, Eric Peeters
Filed Jun 27, 2014
Published Dec 31, 2015
Abstract:
An imaging agent for detecting analytes in an environment includes functionalized nanodiamonds and functionalized magnetic particles that can selectively interact with an analyte. Each functionalized nanodiamond contains at least one color center configured to emit light in response to illumination. At least one property of the light emitted by the color centers is related to the proximity of the functionalized magnetic particles to the color centers. This property can be detected to determine that the functionalized nanodiamonds are proximate to the functionalized magnetic particles, to determine that the functionalized nanodiamonds and the functionalized magnetic particles are interacting with the analyte or other applications. Devices and methods for detecting properties of the analyte by interacting with the functionalized nanodiamonds and functionalized magnetic particles are also provided.
Methods for reducing noise in optical biological sensors
Inventors: Jason Donald Thompson, Vikram Singh Bajaj, Victor Marcel Acosta, Tamara Lynn Troy
Filed Jun 30, 2014
Published Dec 31, 2015
Abstract:
Optical measurement of physiological parameters with wearable devices often includes measuring signals in the presence of significant noise sources. These noise sources include, but are not limited to, noise associated with: variable optical coupling to skin or tissue, variations in tissue optical properties with time due to changes in humidity, temperature, hydration, variations in tissue optical properties between individuals, a variable coupling of ambient light sources into detectors, and instrument and detector noise, including electrical noise, radiofrequency or magnetic interference, or noise caused by mechanical movement of the detector or its components. The present disclosure includes devices and methods configured to produce representations of the raw data in which noise, broadly defined, is separated from the data of interest. The disclosed devices and methods may include subtracting or calibrating out these noise sources and other spurious fluctuations in wearable devices with optical sensors.
Manufacturing Method for Wireless Devices
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Jul 4, 2014
Published Jan 7, 2016
Abstract:
A manufacturing method for a wireless device may involve placing a plurality of antennas on a plastic layer, wherein each of the antennas comprises one or more conductive loops positioned within an inner diameter and an outer diameter; placing a plurality of sensor chips on the plastic layer such that each sensor chip is interconnected to a respective antenna on the plastic layer and is positioned within the inner diameter and outer diameter of the respective antenna, wherein each sensor chip has a respective sensor facing away from the plastic layer and has respective electrical contacts interconnected with the respective antenna; and providing an encapsulation layer over the plurality of antennas and the plurality of sensor chips on the plastic layer.
User Control of Data De-Idenfication
Inventors: Russell Norman Mirov, Brian Taewon Park
Filed Jul 8, 2014
Published Jan 14, 2016
Abstract:
A method for transmitting, storing, and sharing data collected by a wearable device is provided. In one example, data related to one or more measurements obtained by the wearable device configured to be mounted to a body surface of a wearer is received in addition to an input by the wearer of the device. The input selects at least one identification rule that determines whether or how the wearer is identified in connection with the data from the wearable device. The data is stored in a database based, at least in part, on the at least one identification rule. The input from the wearer may also select at least one permission rule that determines whether third parties can access the data from the wearable device. A third party may be required to provide payment for access to or use of the data according to the at least one permission rule.
Positioning a wearable device for data collection
Inventors: Andrew Homyk, Jason Donald Thompson, Russell Norman Mirov, Mark West Askew
Filed Jul 11, 2014
Published Jan 14, 2016
Abstract:
Wearable devices are described herein including at least two photodetectors and a mount configured to mount the at least two photodetectors to an external surface of a wearer. The at least two photodetectors are configured to detect alignment between the wearable device and a target on or in the body of the wearer (e.g., to detect the location of vasculature within the body of the wearer relative to the at least two photodetectors). The alignment of at least two photodetectors relative to the target could enable the detection of one or more physiological properties of the wearer. For example, the wearable device could include a sensor configured to detect a property of the target when the sensor is above the target, and alignment of the target relative to the at least two photodetectors could include the sensor being located above the target.
Context Discrimination Using Ambient Light Signal
Inventors: Russell Norman Mirov, Mark Murphy
Filed Jul 16, 2014
Published Jan 21, 2016
Abstract:
A system is configured to discriminate amongst different environments based in part on characteristics of ambient light. Ambient light intensity is measured using a light-sensitive element configured to generate an output signal indicative of an intensity of light incident on the light-sensitive element. A controller is configured to obtain a set of ambient light measurements using the light-sensitive element, and determine that the measurements correspond to a particular ambient light profile. The particular ambient light profile can be one of the multiple ambient light profiles that each correspond to a different environment and/or context.
Data Tagging
Inventors: David Andrew Gibson, Mark Murphy
Filed Jul 17, 2014
Published Jan 21, 2016
Abstract:
A method for tagging and organizing data is provided. In one example, physiological data detected from a wearer of a wearable device is received and associated with a tag-based, at least in art, on an input by the wearer. The input may be a state of the wearer, such as a physical or mental state, or a rule. The collected physiological data may be organized based on the tag and, in some examples, on other types of received data, such as a wearer’s data. In other example methods, data may be stored in a database based on one or more tags associated with the data.
In-vitro contact lens testing
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn
Filed Jul 23, 2014
Published Nov 6, 2014
Abstract:
Contact lens testing apparatuses and method for testing contact lenses for analytes are presented. In an aspect, a device is provided that includes a housing configured to hold one or more contact lenses, and a testing compartment provided within the housing and comprising a reagent, the reagent configured to facilitate a chemical reaction in response to the existence of a predetermined biomarker disposed on or within a contact lens placed in the testing compartment, wherein the chemical reaction produces a known result related to state information of an individual from which the biomarker was generated.
Data Permission Management for Wearable Devices
Inventors: Sarel Kobus Jooste, David Andrew Gibson
Filed Jul 30, 2014
Published Feb 4, 2016
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for providing rule-based access to data stored on wearable devices are provided. A wearable computing device can store data that includes data about a wearer of the wearable computing device. The wearable computing device can receive a request for a portion of the stored data. The wearable computing device can determine a designated role associated with the request for the portion of the stored data. The wearable computing device can determine one or more rules regarding access to the portion of the stored data based on the designated role. The wearable computing device can determine a response to the request for the portion of the stored data by at least: determining whether the request is validated by at least applying the one or more rules to the request, and after determining that the request is validated, providing the requested portion of the stored data.
Devices and Methods for a Contact Lens with an Outward Facing Light Source
Inventors: Brian Otis, Robert Francis Wiser, Andrew Nelson
Filed Aug 5, 2014
Published Jan 1, 2015
Abstract:
A body-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a mounting surface and a surface opposite the mounting surface. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the surface opposite the mounting surface. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to receive modulation instructions and modulate the light emitted by the light source based on the modulation instructions.
Sharing a single electrode between skin resistance and capacitance measurements
Inventors: Patrick Lin Wheeler, Russell Norman Mirov
Filed Aug 6, 2014
Published Feb 11, 2016
Abstract:
Wearable devices are described herein including a housing and a mount configured to mount the housing to an external surface of a wearer. The wearable devices further include first and second electrical contacts protruding from the housing and configured such that the electrical contacts can be used to measure a Galvanic skin resistance of skin proximate to the electrical contacts when the wearable device is mounted to the external surface of the wearer. The electrical contacts are additionally configured to measure a capacitance between electrical contacts. The measured capacitance between the electrical contacts could be related to a capacitance of skin proximate to the electrical contacts when the wearable device is mounted to the external surface of the wearer. The wearable devices further include an electronically switched capacitor connected between the electrical contacts that can be operated to enable the Galvanic skin resistance and capacitance measurements described above.
Passive Detection of Pulse
Inventors: Brian Otis, Robert Francis Wiser
Filed
Aug 29, 2014
Published Mar 3, 2016
Abstract:
A body-mountable light sensing device includes a photodiode configured to receive light from a portion of subsurface vasculature and electronics configured to operate the photodiode to measure the received light. The electronics include a photodiode voltage source configured to reverse bias the photodiode, a current mirror, and a sigma-delta modulator configured to generate a digital output related to the received light and having a high resolution while using low power. The digital output could be used to determine a pulse rate or other properties of blood in the portion of subsurface vasculature by detecting the absorption of ambient light by blood in the portion of subsurface vasculature. Components of the body-mountable device could be embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The digital output and/or related information could be wirelessly communicated by the body-mountable device.
Channel Formation
Inventors: Daniel Patrick Barrows, James Etzkorn
Filed
Sep 4, 2014
Published Mar 10, 2016
Abstract:
A body-mountable device may be formed of a polymeric material. A molding form can define a cavity and polymeric material can be formed using the mold to create a device shaped following the cavity. Electronics disposed on a substrate can be encapsulated within the polymeric material by forming the first layer of polymeric material, positioning the substrate on the first layer, and then forming a second layer of polymeric material over the substrate. A channel can expose a sensor disposed on the substrate. The channel may be formed while molding the second layer of polymeric material over the substrate. The molding form can include a protrusion that extends toward the sensor. A sacrificial sealant material can be applied to the sensor or the protrusion to create a seal between the protrusion and the sensor. The polymeric material forms around the sealed protrusion to create the channel.
Sealed Solid-State Battery
Inventors: Ramesh C. Bhardwaj, William James Biederman, James Etzkorn, Brian Otis
Filed Oct 1, 2014
Published Feb 18, 2016
Abstract:
An electrochemical battery can include electrodes (a cathode and an electrode) arranged on respective surfaces of an electrolyte. The electrodes and electrolyte can each be solid-state films that can be layered on top of one another to create a stacked structure disposed on a substrate. A polymeric sealant material can be applied over and around the battery stack and a moisture barrier can be formed over the sealant material to thereby prevent moisture from reaching the battery. Conductive terminals electrically coupled to the cathode and anode, respectively, can be formed on a second side of the substrate. As such, the battery can be flip-chip mounted to corresponding mounting pads and thereby connected to other electronics that can receive power from the battery.
Encapsulated Electronics
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Babak Amirparviz
Filed Oct 20, 2014
Published Feb 5, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode and a reference electrode that reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. An example assembly process includes: forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first layer of a bio-compatible material on the sacrificial layer; providing an electronics module on the first layer of the bio-compatible material, forming a second layer of the bio-compatible material to cover the electronics module; and annealing the first and second layers of the bio-compatible material together to form an encapsulated structure having the electronics module fully encapsulated by the bio-compatible material.
Assembly Bonding
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Apr 3, 2015
Published Jul 30, 2015
Abstract:
A contact lens having a thin silicon chip integrated therein is provided along with methods for assembling the silicon chip within the contact lens. In an aspect, a method includes creating a plurality of lens contact pads on a lens substrate and creating a plurality of chip contact pads on a chip. The method further involves applying an assembly bonding material to the each of the plurality of lens contact pads or chip contact pads, aligning the plurality of lens contact pads with the plurality of chip contact pads, bonding the chip to the lens substrate via the assembly bonding material using flip-chip bonding, and forming a contact lens with the lens substrate.
Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converter
Inventors: Alireza Dastgheib, Brian Otis
Filed Apr 16, 2015
Published Aug 13, 2015
Abstract:
A potentiostat includes a voltage regulator, a current mirror, a capacitor, a comparator, a current source, and a counter. The voltage regulator maintains a voltage on a working electrode of an electrochemical sensor. The current mirror develops a mirror current that mirrors an input current from the working electrode. The capacitor is alternately charged by the mirror current, causing the capacitor voltage to increase at a rate related to the current’s magnitude, and discharged by a control current, causing the capacitor voltage to decrease. The comparator outputs a waveform that includes upward and downward transitions based on the variations of the capacitor voltage. The current source produces the control current based on the waveform. The counter counts the number of upward or downward transitions in the waveform during a predetermined sampling period to produce a digital output. The digital output is representative of the magnitude of the input current.
Electrochemical Sensor Chip
Inventors: James Etzkorn
Filed Jul 7, 2014
Published Jan 7, 2016
Abstract:
An electrochemical sensor is disposed on a sensor substrate suitable for flip-chip mounting to another substrate. The electrochemical sensor can be fabricated in bulk by patterning sets of electrodes on a common substrate with vias that electrically couple each electrode to a conductive pad on the opposite side of the substrate. The substrate with electrodes thereon can then be diced and the individual electrochemical sensors can be flip-chip mounted in a body-mountable device in which the sensor can be used to obtain analyte concentrations. As a result, fabrication of the electrochemical sensor electrodes can be isolated from the fabrication of the other electronics in the device, which can facilitate efficient fabrication of the sensor and allows for other electronics to be fabricated without restrictions associated with the electrode fabrication.
Reader Communication with Contact Lens Sensors and Display Device
Inventors: Frank Honoré, Brian Otis, Andrew Nelson
Filed Nov 10, 2014
Published Mar 5, 2015
Abstract:
A reader for communicating with both an eye-mountable device and a display device is provided. The reader can transmit radio frequency power to a tag that is part of the eye-mountable device. The reader can communicate with the tag using the first protocol. Communicating with the tag can include having the reader request data from the tag and receive the requested data from the tag. The reader can process the received data. The reader can store the processed data. The reader can communicate with the display device using a second protocol, where the first and second protocols can differ. Communicating with the display device can include having the reader transmit the stored data to the display device. The display device can receive the transmitted data, process the transmitted data, and generate one or more displays including the transmitted and/or processed data.
In-Situ Tear Sample Collection and Testing Using a Contact Lens
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 18, 2013
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses having one or more sensors that sense an analyte in tear fluid and one or more recesses that collect the tear fluid. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a recess formed within the substrate configured to collect tear fluid when the contact lens is worn. The contact lens further includes at least one sensor disposed within the substrate configured to sense the presence of an analyte in the collected tear fluid.
< A href="http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-adv.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&p=1&S1=20140052275&OS=20140052275&RS=20140052275">System and Method for Stabilizing Unintentional Muscle Movements
Inventors: Anupam PATHAK
Filed Sep 30, 2011
Published Feb 20, 2014
Abstract:
A system and method for stabilizing a position of an object are disclosed. The system comprises a housing that includes a subsystem. The system also includes an attachment arm coupled to the housing. At least one first sensor is placed along the attachment arm, wherein the attachment arm is configured to receive the object thereto. In response to an unintentional muscle movement by a user that adversely affects the motion of the object, the subsystem stabilizes the position of the object. The method comprises providing a subsystem within the housing and coupling an attachment arm to the housing. The method also includes placing at least one first sensor along the attachment arm, wherein the attachment arm is configured to receive the object thereto. In response to an unintentional muscle movement by a user that adversely affects the motion of the object, the subsystem stabilizes the position of the object.
Sensing System
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Babak Amirparviz, Eric Teller
Filed Sep 17, 2012
Published Mar 20, 2014
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to systems and/or methods for detection of eye blinking using an active contact lens with multiple sensors and detecting orientation of the active contact lens.
Stablizing Unintentional Muscle Mopvements
Inventors: Anupam PATHAK
Filed Jul 3, 2013
Published Nov 7, 2013
Abstract:
A system and method for stabilizing unintentional muscle movements are disclosed. In a first aspect, a non-contact sensing system comprises a stabilization unit, at least one non-contact position sensor coupled to the stabilization unit, and a processing unit coupled to the at least one non-contact position sensor, wherein the processing unit transmits motion commands to the stabilization unit to cancel unintentional muscle movements. In a second aspect, the method comprises a processing unit of a non-contact sensing system receiving position data of a stabilization unit that is detected by at least one non-contact position sensor and filtering the position data to identify the unintentional muscle movements. The method includes modeling the position data to create a system model and determining motor commands based upon the system model to cancel the unintentional muscle movements.
Optical Communication for Body Mountable Devices
Inventors: Brian Otis, Travis Deyle
Filed Jun 13, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
A system includes one or more optical emitters, a transceiver, and a body mountable device. The optical emitters emit light and are configured to be used in luminaires. The transceiver is coupled to receive input data from a data network and coupled to selectively modulate the optical emitters to transmit the optical data. Selectively modulating the optical emitters is in response to the input data. The body mountable device includes a photodetector coupled to receive the optical data and processing circuitry configured to initiate an action in response to receiving the optical data from the photodetector.
Capacitive Gaze Tracking for Auto-Accommodation in a Contact Lens
Inventors: William J. Biederman, Brian Otis, Daniel J. Yeager, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Dec 31, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
A method of capacitive gaze detection for accommodation includes monitoring at least one capacitance value of a capacitive sensor system disposed within a contact lens. The at least one capacitance value varies in response to changes in a gazing direction of a cornea upon which the contact lens is removably mounted. The changes in the gazing direction of the cornea are detected in real-time based upon changes in the at least one capacitance value. An accommodation actuator disposed within the contact lens is manipulated to automatically change an optical power of the contact lens in response to detecting changes in the gazing direction.
Contact Lens with Capacitive Gaze Tracking
Inventors: Daniel J. Yeager, William J. Biederman, Brian Otis, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Dec 31, 2014
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an enclosure material, a capacitive sensor system, and a controller. The enclosure material has a concave surface and a convex surface. The concave surface is configured to be removably mounted over the cornea and the convex surface is configured to be compatible with eyelid motion when the concave surface is so mounted. The capacitive sensor system is disposed within the enclosure material. The capacitive sensor system has at least one capacitance value that varies with changes in a gazing direction of the cornea. The controller is disposed within the enclosure material and electrically connected to the capacitive sensor system. The controller is configured to measure the capacitance value of the capacitive sensor system to detect the changes in the gazing direction.
Adapter to Attach Implements to an Actively Controlled Human Tremor Cancellation Platform
Inventors: Anupam J. Pathak
Filed Apr 8, 2015
Published Oct 22, 2015
Abstract:
Embodiments are disclosed of an adapter for coupling an implement to a tremor cancellation platform. The adapter includes a first section attached to the tremor cancellation platform, the first section comprising an elongated tapered key having a base and a tip, the base having a greater transverse dimension than the tip and the base being attached to the tremor cancellation platform. The adapter also includes a second section coupled to the implement, the second section including a tapered cavity sized and shaped to receive the first section, and a latch to lock the second section onto the first section.
Power Delivery for Accommodation by an Eye-Mountable Device
Inventors: William J. Biederman
Filed Apr 23, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Techniques and mechanisms to power automatic accommodation by an eye-mountable device. In an embodiment, the eye-mountable device includes an accommodation actuator to change an optical strength of the eye-mountable device. The control logic of the eye-mountable device is to transition a supply voltage between different levels to drive operation of the accommodation actuator, including the control logic to perform a step-wise transition of the supply voltage from a first voltage level to a second voltage level. In another embodiment, the control logic includes a bidirectional direct current to direct current (DC-DC) converter. During the step-wise transition of the supply voltage, the bidirectional DC-DC converter is configured to aid in recharging a battery of the eye-mountable device with the charge from the accommodation actuator.
Flexable Conductor for Use withing a Contact Lens
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, Jeffrey G. Linhardt, Scott B. Kennedy
Filed Apr 30, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes a flexible lens enclosure, anterior and posterior flexible conductive electrodes, and an accommodation actuator element. The flexible lens enclosure includes anterior and posterior layers that are sealed together. The anterior flexible conductive electrode is disposed within the flexible enclosure and across a central region of the flexible lens enclosure on a concave side of the anterior layer. The posterior flexible conductive electrode is disposed within the flexible enclosure and across the central region on a convex side of the posterior layer. The accommodation actuator element is disposed between the first and second flexible conductive electrodes. The anterior and posterior flexible conductive electrodes are transparent and electrically manipulate the accommodation actuator element.
Method, Device and System for Accessing an Eye-Mountable Device with a User Interface
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Robert F. Wiser, Daniel J. Yeager, Shung-neng Lee
Filed May 1, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Techniques and mechanisms for providing access to an accommodation-capable eye-mountable device via a user interface of an auxiliary device. In an embodiment, the user interface provides prompts for a user of the eye-mountable device to perform various viewing actions, where the eye-mountable device receives from the auxiliary device communications indicating respective times of the viewing actions. Based on the communications, the eye-mountable device generates configuration information indicating a correspondence of respective states of the eye-mountable device to respective characteristics of the viewing actions. In another embodiment, operational modes of the eye-mountable device are defined based on the configuration information.
Eye-Mountable Device To Provide Automatic Accommodation and Method of Making Same
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Jeffrey G. Linhardt, Brian Otis
Filed May 12, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Techniques and mechanisms for providing an eye-mountable device including an accommodation actuator. In an embodiment, fabrication of the eye-mountable device includes sealing layers of enclosure material to form a lens enclosure comprising a pinch-off region where the layers of enclosure material physically contact one another. The accommodation actuator includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between the layers of enclosure material in a central region around which the pinch-off region extends. In another embodiment, electrodes are disposed of in the central region each between the liquid crystal layer and a respective one of the layers of enclosure material. The liquid crystal layer isolates the electrodes from one another in the central region.
Microelectrodes in an Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed May 15, 2015
Published Sep 3, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting in front of a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have at least one dimension of fewer than 25 micrometers. The reference electrode can have an area at least five times greater than an area of the working electrode. A portion of the polymeric material can surround the working electrode and the reference electrode such that an electrical current conveyed between the working electrode and the reference electrode is passed through the at least partially surrounding portion of the transparent polymeric material.
Failsafe Operation of Eye-Mountable Device
Inventors: Shungneng Lee, Jennifer Han, Brian Otis, Daniel James Yeager, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Jun 11, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
An embodiment of an eye-mountable device includes an optical lens; an accommodation actuator to provide vision accommodation for the optical lens; a controller including an accommodation logic to select one of a plurality of vision accommodation states for the device, the plurality of vision accommodation states including at least a failsafe focal distance; and a failsafe subsystem including a system health detector, the system health detector to monitor for one or more operational indicators for the device, wherein the failsafe subsystem is to cause the device to transition to a failsafe mode upon the failsafe subsystem identifying a failure condition for the device, the failsafe mode includes setting the vision accommodation state to be the failsafe focal distance.
Apparatus, System and Method For Gaze Tracking Based on Photodetection by an Eye-Mountable Device
Inventors: Jennifer Han, Nathan Pletcher, Robert Francis Wiser, Brian Otis
Filed Jun 11, 2015
Published Dec 17, 2015
Abstract:
Techniques and mechanisms for determining a direction of gaze by a user of an eye-mountable device. In an embodiment, the eye-mountable device includes a first circuit and a second circuit, each comprising a respective photodiode. The second circuit is configured to provide a light response profile that is more linear than a light response profile provided by the first circuit. Light sensing by the first circuit results in the generation of a first signal indicating a level of ambient light in a surrounding environment. Another light sensing by the second circuit results in a second signal being generated. A direction of gaze by a cornea of the user is detected based at least in part on the first signal and the second signal. In another embodiment, the first signal is provided to configure the second circuit.
Symmetrically Arranged Sensor Electrodes in an Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Zenghe Liu
Filed Jun 17, 2015
Published Oct 8, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have a first side edge and a second side edge. The reference electrode can be situated such that at least a portion of the first and second side edges of the working electrode are adjacent respective sections of the reference electrode.
Facilitation of Contact Lenses with Capacitive Sensors
Inventors: Nathan Pletcher, Brian Otis
Filed Jul 26, 2012
Granted Oct 14, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing a contact lens with capacitive sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate; a capacitive sensor, disposed on or within the substrate, that senses a capacitance on the contact lens; and a circuit disposed on or within the substrate. In some aspects, the circuit can include a capacitance analysis component that determines a condition of an eyelid associated with the eye over which the contact lens is disposed and/or a parameter associated with the eye over which the contact lens is disposed. In some aspects, the condition can be a blink of an eyelid. In some aspects, the parameter can be at least one of a pressure of an object in proximity to the contact lens, thickness or type of a layer of material disposed on or within the contact lens or composition of material on the contact lens.
Facilitation of Contact Lenses with Capacitive Sensors
Inventors: Brian Otis, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Sep 23, 2013
Granted Oct 21, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing a contact lens with capacitive sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate; a capacitive sensor, disposed on or within the substrate, that senses a capacitance on the contact lens; and a circuit disposed on or within the substrate. In some aspects, the circuit can include a capacitance analysis component that determines a condition of an eyelid associated with the eye over which the contact lens is disposed and/or a parameter associated with the eye over which the contact lens is disposed. In some aspects, the condition can be a blink of an eyelid. In some aspects, the parameter can be at least one of a pressure of an object in proximity to the contact lens, thickness or type of a layer of material disposed on or within the contact lens or composition of material on the contact lens.
Symmetrically Arranged Sensor Electrodes in an Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Zenghe Liu
Filed Sep 23, 2013
Granted Nov 4, 2014
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have a first side edge and a second side edge. The reference electrode can be situated such that at least a portion of the first and second side edges of the working electrode are adjacent respective sections of the reference electrode.
Microelectrodes In An Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Oct 12, 2012
Granted Feb 24, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have at least one dimension of fewer than 25 micrometers. The reference electrode can have an area at least five times greater than an area of the working electrode. A portion of the polymeric material can surround the working electrode and the reference electrode such that an electrical current conveyed between the working electrode and the reference electrode is passed through the at least partially surrounding portion of the transparent polymeric material.
Microelectrodes In An Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: Zenghe Liu
Filed Sep 19, 2013
Granted Jun 16, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have at least one dimension of fewer than 25 micrometers. The reference electrode can have an area at least five times greater than an area of the working electrode. A portion of the polymeric material can surround the working electrode and the reference electrode such that an electrical current conveyed between the working electrode and the reference electrode is passed through the at least partially surrounding portion of the transparent polymeric material.
Input Detection System
Inventors: Harvey Ho, Olivia Hatalsky, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Sep 28, 2012
Granted Jun 23, 2015
Abstract:
Systems for determining an individual’s current focal plane by measuring parameters associated with a binocular vision focusing using one or two contact lenses are provided. In an aspect, a system includes a first contact lens and a second contact lens respectively configured to be worn over the first and second eyes of an individual. The first contact lens and the second contact lens respectively include first and second substrates, and first and second circuits respectively disposed on or within the first and second substrates and configured to respectively generate first data related to a focal trajectory of the first eye and second data related to a focal trajectory of the second eye, wherein the first circuit employs the second contact lens to generate the first data and the second circuit employs the first contact lens to generate the second data.
Symmetrically Arranged Sensor Electrodes in an Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensor
Inventors: James Etzkorn, Zenghe Liu
Filed Jun 17, 2013
Granted Jul 21, 2015
Abstract:
An eye-mountable device includes an electrochemical sensor embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The electrochemical sensor includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte to generate a sensor measurement related to a concentration of the analyte in a fluid to which the eye-mountable device is exposed. The working electrode can have a first side edge and a second side edge. The reference electrode can be situated such that at least a portion of the first and second side edges of the working electrode are adjacent respective sections of the reference electrode.
Input System
Inventors: Xiaoyu Miao, Harvey Ho, Nathan Pletcher
Filed Aug 24, 2012
Granted Aug 18, 2015
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods that facilitate eye tracking using a contact lens are provided. In some aspects, the contact lens includes a substrate; an antenna disposed on or within the substrate, that harvests radiofrequency energy; an integrated circuit disposed on or within the substrate, that receives power from the antenna; and electrical components, disposed on or within the substrate, that determine the motion of an eye over which the contact lens is placed, and perform tracking of the eye based, at least, on the motion. For example, the motion of the eye can be determined based on telemetry components fabricated on or within a substrate of the contact lens. In some aspects, the contact lens can include light emitters that radiate light in the direction of the gaze of the wearer of the contact lens. A heads-up device can perform eye tracking based on the direction of the light beams.
In-Situ Tear Sample Collection And Testing Using a Contact Lens
Inventors: Zenghe Liu, James Etzkorn
Filed Sep 18, 2013
Published Jul 10, 2014
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods employing contact lenses having one or more sensors that sense an analyte in tear fluid and one or more recesses that collect the tear fluid. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a recess formed within the substrate configured to collect tear fluid when the contact lens is worn. The contact lens further includes at least one sensor disposed within the substrate configured to sense the presence of an analyte in the collected tear fluid.
Referral Request System
Inventors: Joshua Logan Howard Brimdyr
Filed Aug 24, 2004
Granted May 22, 2012
Abstract:
A method for electronically managing patient referrals includes, in a network of interconnected computers, submitting a referral request by a first provider, accepting the referral request by a second provider, obtaining an insurance approval of the referral request, importing a medical record for a patient from an external system, exporting the imported medical record to the external system, updating the medical record with diagnostic information, and updating a status of the referral request.
Thanks for this information. This was something I could not thought that google also has its hand on medical field from start.
Bill – Great detective work as usual! The eye-mountable device patents make for interesting speculation on Google’s future — certainly more evidence of their ability to generate new markets.
Internally, Google is fairly close-mouthed. I get much more from your blog than from my son – who is a Googler 🙂
Hi Glenn,
I like checking that database because sometimes it holds some interesting surprises. The patents here may have been assigned to a different subsidiary, but technically didn’t change ownership. One of the things I found interesting was the sheer number of medical related patents involved. I’m not sure that most people may realize how much effort has gone into Verily Life Sciences; and it seems like a lot has gone on, with 148 patent filings.
Wow, thank you for putting this behemoth of a post together Bill. It must have taken forever. I heard that Google was getting into the medical market but I had no idea of the scale until now. I’m assuming that you check the patents for intelligence on the search algorithms, is this accurate? If so, how useful has that been to you?
Thanks, Paul
Yes, formatting this post took a while. I do check Google’s patent on search to see what algorithms they are working upon. It’s raised a number of questions of things to keep an eye out for and experiment with; it’s worth the time I spend upon it. It’s nice, when a client asks what happened to their search result, and you are able to tell them, and point to a post you’ve written about it. 🙂
Thanks for replying so fast, Bill. And for giving me another idea to “borrow” 😉
Just when I thought Google couldn’t get any bigger… What will they do next? Is there even anywhere left to go? Google Space Program coming soon? Haha.
Wow Great Information! <3
Thanks alot for this Articles.This was something I could not thought that google also has its hand on medical field from start.
thanks Bill Slawski <3
Thanks for this informative stuff. this is something i could not even thought of that Google has its hands on Life Sciences as well.
Hi John,
You may want to check this article out:
http://www.theverge.com/2012/4/24/2971142/planetary-resources-space-robotics-mining-exploration 🙂
I’m amazed by all the information I get on your article. Very precise well written. All are on point. Will read more article from your blog from now on. Cheers!!
Apparently this is exactly why Google leased Moffett field from NASA – to build robots & space rovers in those ancient airship hangers – audacious 🙂 Ref: http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_27823009/google-takes-over-aging-moffett-field-and-its
The google started in 1998 and now became a very large company all over the world . This article really contains some new information for me about google activites . I hope one day i have a company like google ..
Hi elnaseh,
It is impressive how Google has grown It would be something to own a company like Google.
Thanks for Information about Verily. Your Article is impressive and very informative. I am now regular visitor of your website and bookmarked it.
Thank you for sharing nice information and knowledge . I like to learn and learn and know more about what i love and what i interest . we can use the nice information in this article as a reference